VAMPIRE

eBACS: ECRYPT Benchmarking of Cryptographic Systems


ECRYPT II
General information:IntroductioneBASHeBASCeBAEADeBATSSUPERCOPXBXComputersArch
How to submit new software:Tipshashstreamaeaddhkemencryptsign
List of primitives measured:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
Measurements:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
List of subroutines:verifydecodeencodesortcorehashblocksxofscalarmult

Measurements of public-key signature systems on one machine: armeabi; Cortex-A7 (410fc075); 2016 Broadcom BCM2836; 4 x 900MHz; berry2, supercop-20240425

[Page version: 20241006 02:11:55]

eBATS (ECRYPT Benchmarking of Asymmetric Systems) is a project to measure the performance of public-key systems. This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS for public-key signature systems:

For signature systems that support "message recovery", the space for a signature on a long message is shorter than the space for a signature on a short message.

Each table row lists the first quartile of many speed measurements, the median of many speed measurements, the third quartile of many speed measurements, and the name of the primitive. Measurements with large variance are indicated in red with question marks. The symbol T: (starting with supercop-20200816) means that the SUPERCOP database at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time as a goal for this implementation. The symbol T!!! means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation, but that the implementation failed TIMECOP. (TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues; they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)

There is a separate page with more information about each signature system and each implementation. Designers and implementors interested in submitting new signature systems and new implementations of existing signature systems should read the call for submissions.


Test results

Graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

NISTPQC graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (smcycles,sbytes) (mcycles,pkbytes) (mcycles,sbytes) (pkbytes,sbytes)

Measurement failures: mqqsig160, mqqsig192, mqqsig224, mqqsig256, ntrumls401x, ntrumls439x, ntrumls593x, ntrumls743x, qtesla128, qtesla192, qtesla256

Cycles to generate a key pair
25%50%75%system
497664998150821picnic3l1
498025000450598picnicl1full
740337478075095picnic3l3
748127515275977picnicl3full
816638179382109picnicl1fs
817388195382189picnicl1ur
923119257093367
T:
picnic2l1fs
124388124600126516picnic3l5
124738124884126163picnicl5full
161384161752163289picnicl3ur
161601161768162385picnicl3fs
254905255354258372picnicl5ur
255000255550258401picnicl5fs
556346557451559592ed25519
659080664601688142
T:
ecdonaldp256
109631610978251100515
T:
donald512
354650035472593549374
T:
donald1024
392217639267293951399
T:
ecdonaldp160
537598653786925383375
T:
ecdonaldp192
558997155938265622791
T:
ecdonaldk163
596457459678605971901
T:
ecdonaldb163
724764172511687256447
T:
ecdonaldp224
791494179304727931808
T:
mqdss48
104302511044814410466538
T:
ecdonaldk233
114610661148022211514735
T:
ecdonaldb233
118279941193082212040920
T:
donald2048
140469801404901714051687
T:
sphincsf128sha256simple
10891846?14280400?17659156?
T:
qtesla1
184570881846065318472930
T:
mqdss64
185990111860414418610640
T:
ecdonaldk283
207464132074904620755172
T:
ecdonaldb283
209130122091683320924409
T:
sphincsf192sha256simple
248840282489150724909537
T:
ecdonaldp384
266021372660588426609830
T:
sphincsf128sha256robust
23447514?34448220?56536351?
T:
qtesla3f
400193874002321440027160
T:
sphincsf192sha256robust
422629744227861042293711
T:
ecdonaldk409
433166044333503743371914
T:
sphincs256
481119004812752348166965
T:
ecdonaldb409
536888065368997253692690
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
539270075397207654044500
T:
sphincsf256sha256simple
46242551?57631520?80182745?
T:
qtesla3s
587814435881819158872259
T:
ecdonaldp521
47292298?61844587?69268849?
T:
qtesla1p
58657009?63889052?73438823?
T:
falcon512dyn
723982297247596972551769
T:
luov4849242
61533373?75321469?90095426?
T:
falcon512tree
767556527675947676763117
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
772803837728262377286155
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
791283207913201979153002
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
937056879379179193888930
T:
luov863256
968938159692031396956210
T:
ecdonaldk571
110507252110524286110546833
T:
ecdonaldb571
112431627112450518112605250
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
115191682115193932115213087
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
128278674128775528128869749
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
141909716141918372141950029
T:
sphincsf256sha256robust
141896080141947717142014014
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
144689697144715736144758152
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
147253463147276077147317316
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
186351881195727713225113088
T:
falcon1024dyn
185105681201230185216640803
T:
falcon1024tree
210128798210139856210148185
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
215793872215817933215970661
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
240451122240882812241166897
T:
luov6468330
162177062?268619256?416543039?
T:
ronald512
296517231296623131298359025
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
306200538306213036306221538
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
247207709?309245865?351175948?
T:
qtesla3p
373436687373981374374414006
T:
luov890351
436976266437372491437855323
T:
luov8086399
448491840448529858448591641
T:
sphincss128sha256simple
403373080?566420720?1001808043?
T:
ronald768
566658207566669770566690753
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
662829167662871811662923609
T:
sphincss192sha256simple
679607166680212731680827682
T:
luov8117404
859736432859765148859791471
T:
sphincss128sha256robust
890288657890369480890438685
T:
sphincss256sha256simple
936759942937679046937764251
T:
sflashv2
996246798?1517866418?2254109061?
T:
ronald1024
161088874816110474891611225123
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
180567557718058210421806476787
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
206348344620636104662064238768
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
1787153274?3238857773?4240364848?
T:
ronald1536
448724199244897223674495394981
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
509123888750953733175101479266
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
509701070651011789335101855425
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
3069617445?7045494319?11506102020?
T:
ronald2048
103090865761030935556010309844418
T:
rainbow1a
129094360181290981140812910548191
T:
redgemss128v2
137962530881379800148213798429174
T:
rainbow1b
10756812697?22904649225?34198302479?
T:
ronald3072
Cycles to sign 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
342193343006344582
T:
sflashv2
594167595248597730ed25519
119112211956281206065
T:
ecdonaldp256
148688214918031498180
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
152984215364861540339
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
180369118122221820845
T:
donald512
227304123019042330862
T:
ronald512
283127828560392880974
T:
falcon512tree
402325540327784080165
T:
rainbow1a
418286541921544197436
T:
ecdonaldp160
3046100?4566868?8026255?
T:
qtesla1
455936045827524592159
T:
falcon512dyn
472455547360104745550
T:
donald1024
485675848866944935652
T:
ronald768
568102656839805690002
T:
ecdonaldp192
577872258089525830619
T:
falcon1024tree
584248558460185848312
T:
ecdonaldk163
623281762364486241299
T:
ecdonaldb163
676017467631966769289
T:
rainbow1b
764719876552217665285
T:
ecdonaldp224
4698385?8688781?16100988?
T:
qtesla3f
901606690574869094898
T:
ronald1024
8372405?9178322?12333467?
T:
qtesla1p
943953294621479505451
T:
falcon1024dyn
108809471088368310887439
T:
ecdonaldk233
116776301173863011830885
T:
donald2048
117406241174283511746226
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
119085121191317911917058
T:
ecdonaldb233
5283330?13211261?25689186?
T:
qtesla3s
147599441476216014769152
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
192543131925869419263062
T:
ecdonaldk283
214071362141156621415760
T:
ecdonaldb283
237185162377461123827194
T:
ronald1536
250594742506233325068185
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
250610812506719925070986
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
261913222620702326226144
T:
ecdonaldp384
438229474383093343836969
T:
ecdonaldk409
37021827?49269500?69482372?
T:
qtesla3p
495673484957546749586343
T:
ecdonaldb409
511720565124360851330859
T:
ronald2048
619201096196242361998142
T:
ecdonaldp521
713972377160504271658880
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
723659257240934372494438
T:
luov863256
887757948923966489399462picnicl1full
100392245100407750100419292
T:
ecdonaldk571
101902224101959338102012792picnicl1fs
114296205114305616114323087
T:
ecdonaldb571
137584504137648560137902173picnicl1ur
145135046146507269146726277
T:
luov4849242
152144295152262443152389716
T:
ronald3072
176553302176629229177063113picnicl3full
176672248176735024176771307
T:
mqdss48
248144048248332230248453446picnicl3fs
250063886250153080250236954
T:
luov890351
305941567306066205306269454picnicl5full
351063544351118653351178195picnicl3ur
399394617399664990399879964picnic3l1
439997602440332263440582595
T:
sphincsf128sha256simple
449035756449107840450140260
T:
luov8117404
456264874456406639456534726picnicl5fs
561169930561684849563490765
T:
luov6468330
568079971568145853568187639
T:
mqdss64
572414123572642201572944494
T:
sphincsf192sha256simple
602981549603119812603325796picnicl5ur
802333737803208089803684743
T:
sphincsf128sha256robust
846281060846926861847202032
T:
sphincs256
902067612903057574903549480picnic3l3
922594526922645530923345234
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
109210245010930827951093677142
T:
sphincsf192sha256robust
112565440111521841891154087219
T:
luov8086399
131837566013189204931319545019
T:
sphincsf256sha256simple
149066330614909556511491389595picnic3l5
193675296019376851211938559266
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
227709463822781620772279038937
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
241773987524190220282420206587
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
254811072925539468762554414082
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
286877971828702680532872034752
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
298898711629920511082995717112
T:
picnic2l1fs
306367756930650899593068982035
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
2738034224?3291531496?3890398727?
T:
redgemss128v2
333563572933368080613337452062
T:
sphincsf256sha256robust
345053413834521405993453893420
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
442062888444222315564424620522
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
564357772556441465995645909663
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
575591562657593703645763888491
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
665210323666524080126653817702
T:
sphincss128sha256simple
677512587967776633666815057086
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
853932462385418128268543769722
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
112123571711121526538111217213489
T:
sphincss256sha256simple
118497010651185038655411851074776
T:
sphincss128sha256robust
125397007621254319184612547725075
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
158770417801587777776415878630365
T:
sphincss192sha256simple
Cycles to verify 59 bytes
25%50%75%system
145923147306148227
T:
ronald512
177627178458179679
T:
ronald768
227398228657229815
T:
ronald1024
296392302709311133
T:
rainbow1aclassic363232
361549363404364885
T:
sflashv2
365261366423368678
T:
ronald1536
354419371420372236
T:
falcon512tree
422615438683439361
T:
falcon512dyn
555684557878559648
T:
ronald2048
720513737006738594
T:
falcon1024tree
872700874894883836
T:
qtesla1
864153879265880469
T:
falcon1024dyn
104679710667221106694
T:
redgemss128v2
106798910698621071682
T:
ronald3072
130373613099051318676
T:
donald512
154013415481941556300ed25519
178048317832481785800
T:
qtesla3s
178287217857051787551
T:
qtesla3f
247622825020062525495
T:
rainbow3cclassic683248
261669326216912628784
T:
ecdonaldp256
345031734523263456656
T:
rainbow1a
381044038328233846961
T:
ecdonaldp160
401654540518444078262
T:
donald1024
501490450382535070208
T:
ecdonaldp192
512950851364515166978
T:
qtesla1p
550428255067255512354
T:
rainbow1b
565156256890745732855
T:
rainbow5cclassic963664
653806765732646606948
T:
ecdonaldp224
729778974336867532712
T:
sphincss128sha256simple
100250971015044710218027
T:
sphincs256
112725431127700911282399
T:
ecdonaldk163
114121691152548111829922
T:
sphincss192sha256simple
120450841204856012054891
T:
ecdonaldb163
136156231369883113785484
T:
donald2048
144550131481670915266812
T:
sphincss128sha256robust
151346031545951015795544
T:
sphincss256sha256simple
176469621787396718155359
T:
sphincsf128sha256simple
202422732029023820353040
T:
ecdonaldp384
212103922121755621225573
T:
ecdonaldk233
232257892323177923243742
T:
ecdonaldb233
233033452332919523385983
T:
rainbow1acyclicc363232
247474512517818125243921
T:
rainbow1acompres363232
258209232592802325991701
T:
qtesla3p
291784522937002929922993
T:
sphincsf192sha256simple
301292593060502930855326
T:
sphincsf256sha256simple
354196843587658336774971
T:
sphincsf128sha256robust
377859833779667837816185
T:
ecdonaldk283
419935774199822242005138
T:
ecdonaldb283
460090884615594346308342
T:
ecdonaldp521
590540335969348960699692
T:
sphincsf192sha256robust
616557066166190561693350
T:
luov863256
664405236676000266846194picnicl1full
790256747909494379296208picnicl1fs
792700857994633681004599
T:
sphincsf128harakasimple
835950948410149585333724
T:
sphincsf256sha256robust
861366478615342886167918
T:
ecdonaldk409
977375789776656397800571
T:
ecdonaldb409
9810075699102820100631569
T:
sphincsf128shake256simple
100652924100816598100962615
T:
luov4849242
106550595106626742107357584picnicl1ur
118840335120356383121874831
T:
sphincsf128harakarobust
123483884124374222125450960
T:
sphincsf192harakasimple
126521567128185854130044082
T:
mqdss48
132735238134327561134885905
T:
sphincsf256harakasimple
135055332135146723135422585picnicl3full
143545430143606632143702917
T:
rainbow3ccyclicc683248
145250454145374944146204555
T:
rainbow3ccompres683248
155602506156678224157950744
T:
sphincsf192shake256simple
156985786158434335160201323
T:
sphincsf256shake256simple
189941745190965478192502453
T:
sphincsf192harakarobust
192351720194519949196554732
T:
sphincsf128shake256robust
197061837197105161197149153
T:
ecdonaldk571
199259328199400681199510987picnicl3fs
203066413205366283207689904
T:
sphincsf256harakarobust
224863105224913219224953491
T:
luov890351
225042658225081495225122870
T:
ecdonaldb571
241060048241351260241875172picnicl5full
276026558276182341276327847picnicl3ur
305159008309069663312079900
T:
sphincsf192shake256robust
312186285312830071314408218
T:
luov6468330
308354388312890422315975296
T:
sphincsf256shake256robust
325718706326068801326285443picnic3l1
327539880330302053337215764
T:
rainbow5ccyclicc963664
330241702336760551337018632
T:
rainbow5ccompres963664
376144176376296716376375560picnicl5fs
415313698417934324417948334
T:
luov8117404
414920659421537296426511959
T:
mqdss64
486902019487120990487330385picnicl5ur
577481920589633912590281761
T:
luov8086399
726630856726962569727914875picnic3l3
112836111711288228651129364518picnic3l5
172955560817311545171733586167
T:
picnic2l1fs