Measurements of public-key signature systems on one machine: amd64; Comet Lake (806ec); 2019 Intel Core i3-10110U; 2 x 2100MHz; know, supercop-20250922
[Page version: 20251119 21:34:14]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key signature systems:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to sign a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to open a signed short message,
i.e., to verify a (larger) signed message and recover the original short message.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Space for a signature on a 0-byte message.
- Space for a signature on a 23-byte message:
i.e.,
the signed-message length minus 23 bytes.
- Space for a signature on a long message:
i.e.,
the signed-message length minus the message length.
For signature systems that support "message recovery",
the space for a signature on a long message
is shorter than the space for a signature on a short message.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements,
the median of many speed measurements,
the third quartile of many speed measurements, and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large variance are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each signature system and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new signature systems
and new implementations of existing signature systems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(smcycles,sbytes)
(mcycles,pkbytes)
(mcycles,sbytes)
(pkbytes,sbytes)
NISTPQC graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(smcycles,sbytes)
(mcycles,pkbytes)
(mcycles,sbytes)
(pkbytes,sbytes)
Measurement failures: ntrumls401x, ntrumls439x, ntrumls593x, ntrumls743x, qtesla128, qtesla192, qtesla256
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 4328 | 4344 | 4391 | picnic3l1 |
| 4430 | 4551 | 4741 | picnicl1full |
| 5277 | 5305 | 5362 | T: picnic2l1fs |
| 5802 | 5831 | 5938 | picnicl3full |
| 6122 | 6145 | 6166 | picnicl1ur |
| 6145 | 6163 | 6202 | picnicl1fs |
| 6720 | 6802 | 6872 | picnic3l3 |
| 7598 | 7623 | 7952 | picnicl5full |
| 7611 | 7629 | 7838 | picnic3l5 |
| 8469 | 8579 | 8685 | T: picnic2l3fs |
| 9961 | 10028 | 10177 | picnicl3ur |
| 10198 | 10290 | 10447 | picnicl3fs |
| 11236 | 11387 | 11870 | T: picnic2l5fs |
| 12940 | 13286 | 13643 | picnicl5fs |
| 13271 | 13343 | 13686 | picnicl5ur |
| 25282 | 25666 | 25753 | T: lattisigns512 |
| 43408 | 43766 | 44076 | crossrsdpg128fast |
| 43587 | 43769 | 44237 | crossrsdpg128balanced |
| 44945 | 45068 | 45191 | ed25519 |
| 46879 | 46940 | 47265 | aimer128f |
| 47184 | 47259 | 47366 | aimer128s |
| 47457 | 47669 | 48189 | crossrsdpg128small |
| 50655 | 50946 | 51230 | T!!!dilithium2aes |
| 80078 | 80555 | 80784 | dilithium3aes |
| 81955 | 82296 | 82799 | T!!!dilithium2 |
| 91627 | 91760 | 91952 | crossrsdpg192balanced |
| 91580 | 91877 | 91990 | crossrsdpg192fast |
| 92159 | 92362 | 92646 | crossrsdpg192small |
| 106352 | 106818 | 109114 | T: ecdonaldp256 |
| 108672 | 108976 | 109688 | crossrsdp128fast |
| 109052 | 109370 | 109969 | crossrsdp128small |
| 108759 | 109378 | 110029 | crossrsdp128balanced |
| 113754 | 113937 | 114120 | aimer192s |
| 119836 | 120041 | 120324 | aimer192f |
| 121149 | 121457 | 121738 | dilithium5aes |
| 148699 | 149023 | 149350 | T!!!dilithium3 |
| 153419 | 153961 | 158598 | T: ecdonaldp224 |
| 153744 | 154159 | 154488 | T: ed448goldilocks |
| 155049 | 155672 | 156193 | crossrsdpg256balanced |
| 155485 | 156359 | 156866 | crossrsdpg256fast |
| 155601 | 156982 | 157426 | crossrsdpg256small |
| 186357 | 188290 | 189924 | nccsign1aes |
| 217523 | 218202 | 220318 | T: pass769 |
| 220464 | 222267 | 222570 | crossrsdp192small |
| 222218 | 223403 | 224750 | crossrsdp192fast |
| 224533 | 226129 | 226414 | crossrsdp192balanced |
| 227801 | 228263 | 229770 | T!!!dilithium5 |
| 241560 | 242415 | 245020 | nccsign1 |
| 245454 | 246597 | 247698 | T: pass863 |
| 247622 | 249959 | 251769 | nccsign3aes |
| 241181 | 252406 | 267744 | T: hector |
| 273525 | 273947 | 274404 | aimer256f |
| 304028 | 304855 | 306061 | aimer256s |
| 326777 | 329359 | 331601 | nccsign3 |
| 364440 | 365101 | 365934 | crossrsdp256small |
| 365361 | 365962 | 366640 | crossrsdp256balanced |
| 376403 | 378078 | 380953 | nccsign5aes |
| 395973 | 398782 | 399356 | crossrsdp256fast |
| 446539 | 449065 | 453267 | T: donald1024 |
| 259015? | 458624? | 807922? | haetae2 |
| 491832 | 494050 | 497210 | nccsign5 |
| 684256 | 685331 | 686650 | T: sphincsf128harakasimple |
| 726929 | 731555 | 742577 | T: ecdonaldp521 |
| 750510 | 755952 | 761908 | T: ecdonaldp160 |
| 466008? | 790770? | 1321294? | haetae5 |
| 798349 | 801645 | 807953 | T: ecdonaldk163 |
| 823002 | 825237 | 826562 | T: mqdss48 |
| 822107 | 829419 | 837969 | T: ecdonaldb163 |
| 845778 | 849052 | 858340 | T: edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3 |
| 871493 | 872286 | 872876 | T: sphincsf128harakarobust |
| 915090 | 917839 | 929962 | T: ecdonaldp192 |
| 1095475 | 1100398 | 1114097 | T: ecdonaldk233 |
| 1111077 | 1112406 | 1113667 | T: sphincsf192harakasimple |
| 1130273 | 1135631 | 1146997 | T: ecdonaldb233 |
| 523664? | 1157072? | 1901480? | haetae3 |
| 1194349 | 1195943 | 1196972 | T: sphincsf192harakarobust |
| 1378020 | 1385255 | 1399713 | T: donald2048 |
| 1507796 | 1508644 | 1509757 | T: sphincsf128sha256simple |
| 1209369? | 1587734? | 2390311? | T: qtesla1 |
| 1800042 | 1802775 | 1813761 | T: ecdonaldk283 |
| 1886323 | 1889766 | 1900994 | T: ecdonaldb283 |
| 1922928 | 1926764 | 1931182 | T: mqdss64 |
| 2098905 | 2100769 | 2107080 | T: sphincsf192sha256simple |
| 2407670 | 2409683 | 2413989 | T: sphincs256 |
| 2558223 | 2565768 | 2578093 | T: edons128ref |
| 2600453 | 2725008 | 2778512 | T: sphincsf256harakasimple |
| 2740940 | 2742903 | 2759846 | T: sphincsf128sha256robust |
| 3001381 | 3007167 | 3016188 | T: ecdonaldk409 |
| 3166930 | 3174668 | 3188090 | T: ecdonaldb409 |
| 3241778 | 3259881 | 3278898 | T: ecdonaldp384 |
| 3402957 | 3412916 | 3420533 | T: sphincsf256harakarobust |
| 2638345? | 3875961? | 5117703? | T: qtesla3f |
| 4156027 | 4157759 | 4163955 | T: sphincsf192sha256robust |
| 4377364 | 4378331 | 4380865 | T: sphincsf128shake256simple |
| 4654660 | 4669448 | 4727189 | T: luov863256 |
| 5532006 | 5534236 | 5538470 | T: sphincsf256sha256simple |
| 3903262? | 6392217? | 10111363? | T: qtesla3s |
| 6550477 | 6554421 | 6558713 | T: sphincsf192shake256simple |
| 6585481 | 6594666 | 6630260 | T: ecdonaldk571 |
| 5975791? | 6788665? | 8402180? | T: qtesla1p |
| 7043639 | 7068002 | 7214487 | T: ecdonaldb571 |
| 7161977 | 7172208 | 7191714 | mqsignlr2567246 |
| 7388718 | 7403979 | 7412773 | T: mqsignlr2567246 |
| 7712885 | 7733426 | 7742880 | T: luov863256pc |
| 7757038 | 7781516 | 7834029 | T: 3icp |
| 7978648 | 7988433 | 8076309 | T: sphincsf128shake256robust |
| 9494927 | 9518947 | 9537441 | T: mqsignrr2567246 |
| 9884936 | 9905425 | 9916486 | mqsignrr2567246 |
| 11056287 | 11095933 | 11163872 | T: rainbowbinary256181212 |
| 11820170 | 11829613 | 11834803 | T: sphincsf192shake256robust |
| 7206214? | 12674545? | 20371794? | T: rwb0fuz1024 |
| 17486065 | 17503814 | 17522681 | T: sphincsf256shake256simple |
| 16779621 | 17545025 | 18833193 | T: falcon512tree |
| 17644386 | 17792964 | 17966382 | T: rainbow1aclassic363232 |
| 17012884 | 18240833 | 20178301 | T: falcon512dyn |
| 18926433 | 18996246 | 19077801 | T: luov890351 |
| 19951694 | 20029848 | 20089680 | T: luov4849242 |
| 20226293 | 20256706 | 20299990 | T: rainbow1acompres363232 |
| 20377004 | 20727820 | 20840266 | T: rainbow1acyclicc363232 |
| 20896676 | 20900818 | 20904654 | T: sphincsf256sha256robust |
| 15539440? | 20922840? | 28956424? | T: ronald512 |
| 24743947 | 24768835 | 24797828 | T: sphincss128harakasimple |
| 27960046 | 27983374 | 28187574 | T: tts6440 |
| 28276468 | 28303804 | 28497297 | T: sphincss128harakarobust |
| 31196012 | 31249468 | 31302898 | T: luov890351pc |
| 31419568 | 31449441 | 31469059 | T: sphincss192harakasimple |
| 31564519 | 31577734 | 31623640 | T: sphincsf256shake256robust |
| 32105804 | 32216543 | 32305304 | T: luov8117404 |
| 32573770 | 32624689 | 32726432 | mqsignlr25611272 |
| 33242460 | 33279283 | 33342638 | T: mqsignlr25611272 |
| 27968189? | 35060793? | 39924182? | T: qtesla3p |
| 39289856 | 39321573 | 39354530 | T: sphincss192harakarobust |
| 39361093 | 39394380 | 39435187 | mqsignrr25611272 |
| 40790379 | 40833861 | 40903208 | T: mqsignrr25611272 |
| 41575890 | 41595541 | 41631039 | T: sphincss256harakasimple |
| 30164906? | 46198674? | 67348855? | T: ronald768 |
| 46672232 | 46896215 | 47323890 | T: rainbowbinary16242020 |
| 48481258 | 48651956 | 49224772 | T: sphincss128sha256simple |
| 33132874? | 50086060? | 71917103? | T: ronald1024 |
| 51837740 | 52004607 | 52183624 | T: pflash1 |
| 52950282 | 52978335 | 53034763 | T: sphincss256harakarobust |
| 52303822 | 54435279 | 56330527 | T: falcon1024tree |
| 51143205 | 54552346 | 59821639 | T: falcon1024dyn |
| 54977731 | 55405863 | 55657559 | T: rainbow5640 |
| 57924826 | 57966595 | 58064324 | T: luov8117404pc |
| 67570626 | 67844890 | 67897373 | T: sphincss192sha256simple |
| 69926721 | 70022513 | 70173837 | T: bluegemss128 |
| 70916682 | 71113622 | 71228287 | T: luov6468330 |
| 73038182 | 73063102 | 73168692 | T: gemss128 |
| 78158524 | 79235862 | 79905780 | mqsignlr25614896 |
| 78843962 | 80981549 | 81684111 | T: mqsignlr25614896 |
| 83342404 | 83361396 | 83388549 | T: redgemss128 |
| 87216325 | 87242341 | 87272346 | T: sphincss128sha256robust |
| 87390803 | 87410030 | 87433717 | T: sphincss256sha256simple |
| 90608006 | 90639809 | 90731841 | T: gemss128v2 |
| 93014378 | 93038869 | 93064018 | T: bluegemss128v2 |
| 96058565 | 96284854 | 96314772 | T: redgemss128v2 |
| 101009933 | 101146394 | 101271153 | T: rainbow6440 |
| 110364696 | 110878944 | 111109643 | mqsignrr25614896 |
| 110729043 | 111145107 | 111755080 | T: rainbow3cclassic683248 |
| 113118194 | 113326484 | 113544283 | T: rainbow3ccompres683248 |
| 113600669 | 114207620 | 114453262 | T: mqsignrr25614896 |
| 125206759 | 125297980 | 126830183 | T: rainbow3ccyclicc683248 |
| 132666450 | 132706266 | 132727270 | T: sphincss192sha256robust |
| 133464325 | 133682457 | 133925899 | T: luov8086399 |
| 140155108 | 140213868 | 141392778 | T: sphincss128shake256simple |
| 201469593 | 201517289 | 201555107 | T: sflashv2 |
| 207663433 | 207816392 | 207952272 | T: sphincss192shake256simple |
| 255660526 | 255743239 | 256215292 | T: sphincss128shake256robust |
| 193401693? | 261979575? | 305798344? | T: ronald1536 |
| 262805939 | 262901781 | 263016811 | T: gemss192 |
| 266650589 | 267280102 | 267471611 | T: redgemss192 |
| 279220080 | 279270207 | 279332753 | T: sphincss256shake256simple |
| 321770736 | 321902855 | 323702766 | T: bluegemss192 |
| 326699647 | 326812541 | 327114552 | T: rainbow5cclassic963664 |
| 334942570 | 334990312 | 338226891 | T: sphincss256sha256robust |
| 336739056 | 337389179 | 339754189 | T: rainbow5ccyclicc963664 |
| 350390438 | 351151915 | 351519535 | T: rainbow5ccompres963664 |
| 380420159 | 380512049 | 385040124 | T: sphincss192shake256robust |
| 323576447? | 395613772? | 599222496? | T: ronald2048 |
| 395418353 | 395999577 | 396405633 | T: gemss192v2 |
| 398936768 | 399490279 | 399646436 | T: bluegemss192v2 |
| 403909403 | 404193318 | 405326549 | T: redgemss192v2 |
| 505725110 | 506001393 | 507512201 | T: sphincss256shake256robust |
| 789234108 | 792531771 | 811386967 | T: gemss256 |
| 801330030 | 803638726 | 806212212 | T: redgemss256 |
| 804069392 | 807710032 | 811259228 | T: bluegemss256 |
| 813626579 | 816647690 | 817796093 | T: redgemss256v2 |
| 1073945399 | 1074351605 | 1080046971 | T: gravitysphincss |
| 1157513549 | 1162318945 | 1163876238 | T: gemss256v2 |
| 1176038803 | 1177781174 | 1197184000 | T: bluegemss256v2 |
| 1021859621? | 1425728409? | 1941379595? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3168524027 | 3220249892 | 3314659680 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2610223740? | 3710691602? | 5460607248? | T: ronald4096 |
| 17147126565 | 17149001770 | 17167132562 | T: gravitysphincsl |
| 34362473248 | 34369795474 | 34375684094 | T: gravitysphincsm |
|
| Cycles to sign 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 18212 | 18337 | 18694 | T: rainbowbinary256181212 |
| 30236 | 30402 | 30746 | T: tts6440 |
| 35267 | 35529 | 36404 | T: rainbowbinary16242020 |
| 47625 | 47721 | 47814 | ed25519 |
| 56902 | 57412 | 58447 | T: rainbow5640 |
| 78113 | 78964 | 80004 | T: rainbow6440 |
| 89677 | 90344 | 91796 | T: rainbow1aclassic363232 |
| 91946 | 92428 | 93507 | T: mqsignlr2567246 |
| 94789 | 96537 | 100939 | T: rainbow1acyclicc363232 |
| 96618 | 100209 | 110101 | T: sflashv2 |
| 115148 | 117472 | 118766 | mqsignlr2567246 |
| 121300 | 123006 | 124538 | T: mqsignrr2567246 |
| 147737 | 149326 | 150826 | mqsignrr2567246 |
| 152062 | 152385 | 152947 | T: ecdonaldp256 |
| 160900 | 161107 | 161177 | T: ed448goldilocks |
| 84885? | 167299? | 254285? | T!!!dilithium2aes |
| 117639? | 189819? | 308299? | T!!!dilithium2 |
| 148837? | 199128? | 270804? | dilithium3aes |
| 236699 | 239363 | 240925 | T: mqsignlr25611272 |
| 240377 | 240920 | 241841 | T: ecdonaldp224 |
| 167088? | 267945? | 362475? | dilithium5aes |
| 265355 | 268397 | 277858 | T: hector |
| 258808? | 270924? | 529964? | T: pass863 |
| 184944? | 299511? | 472541? | T: lattisigns512 |
| 298041 | 300243 | 302045 | mqsignlr25611272 |
| 203151? | 309370? | 532441? | T: qtesla1 |
| 330193? | 332698? | 493139? | nccsign1aes |
| 337176 | 339652 | 342580 | T: luov863256pc |
| 230569? | 342625? | 517353? | T!!!dilithium3 |
| 343245 | 344987 | 346180 | T: mqsignrr25611272 |
| 371852 | 373026 | 374691 | T: rainbow3cclassic683248 |
| 382028 | 385617 | 391463 | T: donald1024 |
| 401234? | 406230? | 592718? | nccsign1 |
| 406645 | 409162 | 411010 | mqsignrr25611272 |
| 408069 | 413224 | 418307 | T: falcon512tree |
| 340481? | 416443? | 616173? | T!!!dilithium5 |
| 420515 | 425169 | 434082 | T: ronald512 |
| 384875? | 446533? | 728244? | T: qtesla3f |
| 228031? | 450465? | 666899? | T: pass769 |
| 454536 | 456980 | 458416 | T: mqsignlr25614896 |
| 480507 | 482651 | 485034 | T: rainbow3ccyclicc683248 |
| 310030? | 530573? | 901536? | T: pflash1 |
| 567174 | 570474 | 573281 | mqsignlr25614896 |
| 313763? | 588971? | 938645? | T: 3icp |
| 435260? | 605733? | 821703? | nccsign3aes |
| 641539 | 645475 | 647370 | T: mqsignrr25614896 |
| 704771 | 710889 | 720217 | T: ronald768 |
| 719020 | 722926 | 734023 | T: rwb0fuz1024 |
| 738126 | 744705 | 749520 | T: falcon512dyn |
| 750921 | 753013 | 755795 | mqsignrr25614896 |
| 532249? | 782706? | 1133096? | nccsign3 |
| 810887 | 815263 | 824316 | T: ecdonaldp160 |
| 809233 | 815988 | 823765 | T: falcon1024tree |
| 854779 | 858948 | 864706 | T: ecdonaldk163 |
| 862232 | 864490 | 869855 | T: rainbow5cclassic963664 |
| 862368 | 870611 | 880102 | T: ronald1024 |
| 879041 | 882411 | 918646 | T: ecdonaldb163 |
| 915200 | 920213 | 925656 | T: donald2048 |
| 968783 | 971749 | 974824 | T: ecdonaldp192 |
| 718399? | 976547? | 1739057? | T: qtesla1p |
| 988705 | 991938 | 996527 | T: luov890351pc |
| 682595? | 1021012? | 1289948? | nccsign5aes |
| 1086500 | 1090281 | 1094004 | T: rainbow5ccyclicc963664 |
| 1109283 | 1110620 | 1112374 | crossrsdpg128fast |
| 813743? | 1132383? | 1499840? | nccsign5 |
| 1153117 | 1153866 | 1156590 | T: ecdonaldp521 |
| 517683? | 1164259? | 2086230? | T: qtesla3s |
| 1183388 | 1187945 | 1194803 | T: ecdonaldk233 |
| 653927? | 1203055? | 2849003? | haetae2 |
| 1218172 | 1222537 | 1230761 | T: ecdonaldb233 |
| 1224983 | 1226685 | 1227327 | aimer128f |
| 1400703 | 1408326 | 1411572 | T: edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3 |
| 1434768 | 1439857 | 1444732 | T: luov8117404pc |
| 1496497 | 1503138 | 1514103 | T: falcon1024dyn |
| 992352? | 1805626? | 2656535? | haetae3 |
| 1907049 | 1910861 | 1920003 | T: ecdonaldk283 |
| 1041771? | 1923536? | 3591830? | haetae5 |
| 1993518 | 1997284 | 2004352 | T: ecdonaldb283 |
| 2101673 | 2105303 | 2111047 | crossrsdpg128balanced |
| 2176196 | 2183556 | 2186169 | crossrsdp128fast |
| 2311150 | 2323634 | 2330754 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2529972 | 2532045 | 2535560 | crossrsdpg192fast |
| 3081734 | 3088288 | 3093193 | aimer192f |
| 3100037 | 3105516 | 3121287 | T: edons128ref |
| 3172926 | 3176634 | 3179550 | crossrsdpg192balanced |
| 3224546 | 3231822 | 3236612 | T: ecdonaldk409 |
| 3271233 | 3273562 | 3275634 | T: luov863256 |
| 3394153 | 3398412 | 3408586 | T: ecdonaldp384 |
| 3396220 | 3404066 | 3423601 | T: ecdonaldb409 |
| 3456180 | 3465465 | 3485969 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3639758 | 3643063 | 3646916 | crossrsdp128balanced |
| 3404864? | 3928982? | 4491481? | T: redgemss128v2 |
| 3068961? | 4006475? | 5057590? | T: qtesla3p |
| 4114875 | 4116550 | 4119564 | picnicl1full |
| 3461831? | 4173016? | 4832653? | T: redgemss128 |
| 4223117 | 4227396 | 4235271 | crossrsdpg256fast |
| 4225478 | 4230801 | 4235854 | crossrsdpg128small |
| 4821950 | 4857830 | 5020931 | T: mqdss48 |
| 4877350 | 4879696 | 4882158 | crossrsdp192fast |
| 5070349 | 5071912 | 5074717 | picnicl1fs |
| 5120912 | 5127948 | 5131263 | crossrsdpg256balanced |
| 5947879 | 5955401 | 5982889 | crossrsdpg192small |
| 6286206 | 6288526 | 6290859 | picnicl1ur |
| 6587231 | 6589854 | 6596904 | aimer256f |
| 7024139 | 7038631 | 7069060 | T: ecdonaldk571 |
| 7225873 | 7231925 | 7236538 | crossrsdp128small |
| 7471248 | 7477157 | 7485952 | T: ecdonaldb571 |
| 7940705 | 7946059 | 7969701 | picnicl3full |
| 7937483 | 7952186 | 7958290 | crossrsdp192balanced |
| 8686485 | 8690742 | 8693165 | crossrsdp256fast |
| 8784920 | 8815761 | 9078857 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9026414 | 9034105 | 9061625 | T: gravitysphincss |
| 9035609 | 9043626 | 9051176 | crossrsdpg256small |
| 7692956? | 9136214? | 10587133? | T: redgemss192 |
| 9391051 | 9434229 | 9438174 | aimer128s |
| 8733873? | 10334295? | 11460586? | T: redgemss192v2 |
| 10785722 | 10815253 | 10821948 | T: luov890351 |
| 11266272 | 11504722 | 12051396 | T: mqdss64 |
| 11705299 | 11709684 | 11734154 | crossrsdp192small |
| 11708353 | 11716057 | 11737612 | picnicl3fs |
| 13312164 | 13321137 | 13327376 | picnicl5full |
| 13572027 | 13579737 | 13587351 | crossrsdp256balanced |
| 14974794 | 14982348 | 15004598 | picnicl3ur |
| 13185957? | 15253028? | 18022458? | T: redgemss256 |
| 15868202 | 15872790 | 15891911 | T: gravitysphincsm |
| 16055049 | 16090392 | 16223623 | T: rainbow1acompres363232 |
| 17450034 | 17461035 | 17473028 | picnic3l1 |
| 17896459 | 17973372 | 18056779 | T: ronald4096 |
| 14965714? | 18152902? | 20142534? | T: redgemss256v2 |
| 18501528 | 18577359 | 18589205 | T: luov8117404 |
| 18963559 | 18972761 | 18979076 | T: gravitysphincsl |
| 19785866 | 19864762 | 19907746 | picnicl5fs |
| 21740403 | 21749066 | 21758090 | crossrsdp256small |
| 23091162 | 23347237 | 23349627 | aimer192s |
| 24111351 | 24132236 | 24167894 | T: sphincsf128harakasimple |
| 24891342 | 24910612 | 24942219 | picnicl5ur |
| 32106453 | 32136860 | 32156143 | T: sphincsf192harakasimple |
| 32414566 | 32441302 | 32476758 | T: sphincsf128harakarobust |
| 36683958 | 36737159 | 36775820 | T: sphincsf192harakarobust |
| 37628880 | 37699670 | 38206781 | picnic3l3 |
| 42230924 | 42283689 | 42549433 | T: sphincs256 |
| 45646296 | 45671924 | 45843042 | T: luov4849242 |
| 47356650 | 47366959 | 47384084 | aimer256s |
| 50530735 | 50614866 | 50681717 | T: sphincsf128sha256simple |
| 64180240 | 64211317 | 64289921 | picnic3l5 |
| 66540928 | 66622962 | 66700265 | T: sphincsf192sha256simple |
| 65928715 | 68332662 | 69060480 | T: sphincsf256harakasimple |
| 88982387 | 89095945 | 89282483 | T: sphincsf256harakarobust |
| 91533495 | 91753610 | 91953709 | T: sphincsf128sha256robust |
| 95120170 | 95214836 | 97733809 | T: rainbow3ccompres683248 |
| 107314084 | 107423950 | 107518575 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 102173383? | 122704004? | 162977885? | T: bluegemss128v2 |
| 128165708 | 128400111 | 128499634 | T: sphincsf192sha256robust |
| 137133081 | 137223581 | 137353235 | T: sphincsf256sha256simple |
| 142867732 | 143078348 | 143601865 | T: sphincsf128shake256simple |
| 144466071 | 144661634 | 144789779 | T: luov6468330 |
| 121589515? | 145754561? | 191020585? | T: bluegemss128 |
| 153870416 | 153940618 | 153980656 | T: picnic2l1fs |
| 184888697 | 185127695 | 185369382 | T: sphincsf192shake256simple |
| 230732972 | 232393912 | 232611459 | T: rainbow5ccompres963664 |
| 249144833 | 249485494 | 249808541 | T: sphincsf128shake256robust |
| 288744840 | 288897422 | 289188201 | T: luov8086399 |
| 256376115? | 307625195? | 359169500? | T: bluegemss192v2 |
| 327486850 | 327730621 | 327966483 | T: sphincsf192shake256robust |
| 410216427 | 410695857 | 411480228 | T: sphincsf256shake256simple |
| 298799705? | 417614888? | 477423566? | T: bluegemss192 |
| 447700585 | 447881287 | 448041761 | T: sphincss128harakasimple |
| 473504111 | 473725844 | 474061030 | T: picnic2l3fs |
| 478397941 | 478798151 | 479181539 | T: sphincsf256sha256robust |
| 442029395? | 530602473? | 701372301? | T: bluegemss256v2 |
| 538578771 | 539279136 | 539399744 | T: sphincss128harakarobust |
| 459553741? | 552194302? | 645795364? | T: bluegemss256 |
| 577043344 | 577360181 | 577756708 | T: sphincss256harakasimple |
| 717042588 | 717571906 | 721617953 | T: sphincsf256shake256robust |
| 759888037 | 760085451 | 763266764 | T: sphincss256harakarobust |
| 640620632? | 768546182? | 896534921? | T: gemss128v2 |
| 837672291 | 838308945 | 838730605 | T: sphincss128sha256simple |
| 876338331 | 876967536 | 883637309 | T: sphincss192harakasimple |
| 1003642951 | 1003962041 | 1004530619 | T: picnic2l5fs |
| 755000750? | 1052315899? | 1070350220? | T: gemss128 |
| 1091711943 | 1092633370 | 1093266385 | T: sphincss256sha256simple |
| 1204966912 | 1206010632 | 1210563239 | T: sphincss192harakarobust |
| 1505071757 | 1505849916 | 1509413957 | T: sphincss128sha256robust |
| 1587319532 | 1594352933 | 1595300017 | T: sphincss192sha256simple |
| 1793482726? | 2145807326? | 2492888837? | T: gemss192v2 |
| 2246681297 | 2246874550 | 2247555197 | T: sphincss128shake256simple |
| 1996510026? | 2386748656? | 2784565202? | T: gemss192 |
| 2910334310 | 2911745095 | 2914170434 | T: sphincss192sha256robust |
| 3417396656 | 3418126277 | 3418742072 | T: sphincss256shake256simple |
| 3826692940 | 3828580387 | 3829412488 | T: sphincss128shake256robust |
| 3854755709 | 3855352819 | 3886531958 | T: sphincss256sha256robust |
| 3259510576? | 3910331974? | 4563026864? | T: gemss256v2 |
| 3318074253? | 3985712170? | 5325943007? | T: gemss256 |
| 4723123947 | 4723980519 | 4726567630 | T: sphincss192shake256simple |
| 5915926450 | 5918522196 | 5928557515 | T: sphincss256shake256robust |
| 7931136862 | 7949996403 | 7965684965 | T: sphincss192shake256robust |
|
| Cycles to verify 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 6970 | 7114 | 7278 | T: rwb0fuz1024 |
| 14709 | 14835 | 15053 | T: rainbowbinary256181212 |
| 21862 | 21940 | 22226 | T: 3icp |
| 26870 | 27074 | 27369 | T: rainbow5640 |
| 26514 | 27116 | 27981 | T: rainbowbinary16242020 |
| 29813 | 30301 | 30637 | T: ronald768 |
| 30093 | 30402 | 30911 | T: ronald512 |
| 30409 | 30673 | 31063 | T: rainbow6440 |
| 33322 | 33478 | 33752 | T: tts6440 |
| 34177 | 34529 | 35003 | T: ronald1024 |
| 35489 | 36464 | 37577 | T: rainbow1aclassic363232 |
| 39217 | 39582 | 39950 | T: lattisigns512 |
| 43995 | 44739 | 45141 | T: ronald1536 |
| 58296 | 58622 | 59621 | T: ronald2048 |
| 60905 | 61067 | 61355 | T!!!dilithium2aes |
| 69811 | 70790 | 71539 | T: mqsignlr2567246 |
| 70103 | 70792 | 72333 | T: mqsignrr2567246 |
| 70315 | 71134 | 71874 | mqsignlr2567246 |
| 71258 | 72148 | 73183 | mqsignrr2567246 |
| 70488 | 72502 | 74572 | T: gravitysphincss |
| 85234 | 86558 | 87567 | T: falcon512tree |
| 87394 | 87500 | 87742 | dilithium3aes |
| 89806 | 89924 | 90163 | T!!!dilithium2 |
| 93476 | 94058 | 95177 | T: ronald3072 |
| 96483 | 97053 | 97368 | T: qtesla1 |
| 98002 | 98959 | 99489 | T: falcon512dyn |
| 111872 | 112109 | 112389 | T: sflashv2 |
| 118902 | 119362 | 119958 | haetae2 |
| 120851 | 121683 | 122633 | T: luov863256pc |
| 129233 | 129530 | 129691 | dilithium5aes |
| 138849 | 140391 | 141781 | T: ronald4096 |
| 145997 | 146209 | 146533 | T!!!dilithium3 |
| 163928 | 164824 | 165932 | ed25519 |
| 165245 | 166463 | 167806 | T: rainbow3cclassic683248 |
| 170905 | 172540 | 173997 | T: falcon1024tree |
| 194984 | 195552 | 196240 | haetae3 |
| 194918 | 195705 | 196634 | T: qtesla3s |
| 196687 | 197278 | 198039 | T: qtesla3f |
| 196925 | 198212 | 199222 | T: falcon1024dyn |
| 204092 | 211666 | 217455 | T: pflash1 |
| 225545 | 226511 | 228013 | nccsign1aes |
| 231129 | 231249 | 231734 | T!!!dilithium5 |
| 233912 | 234182 | 234742 | haetae5 |
| 253633 | 255304 | 257151 | mqsignlr25611272 |
| 255571 | 257538 | 258475 | T: mqsignlr25611272 |
| 257313 | 258619 | 260193 | mqsignrr25611272 |
| 257157 | 259502 | 261325 | T: mqsignrr25611272 |
| 270867 | 273173 | 274260 | nccsign1 |
| 270593 | 277207 | 284510 | T: bluegemss128 |
| 283032 | 289417 | 293763 | T: gemss128 |
| 290869 | 291921 | 294051 | nccsign3aes |
| 287212 | 292361 | 296574 | T: gravitysphincsm |
| 290558 | 292713 | 296320 | T: donald1024 |
| 297155 | 298945 | 300118 | T: pass769 |
| 299493 | 300552 | 301602 | T: ecdonaldp256 |
| 322113 | 328594 | 339841 | T: redgemss128v2 |
| 326103 | 328932 | 334493 | T: luov890351pc |
| 337514 | 339318 | 341592 | T: pass863 |
| 350897 | 353450 | 355858 | T: rainbow5cclassic963664 |
| 345138 | 354158 | 363395 | T: redgemss128 |
| 355462 | 357267 | 359913 | nccsign3 |
| 374601 | 384039 | 398283 | T: bluegemss128v2 |
| 389168 | 393018 | 396958 | T: gravitysphincsl |
| 399693 | 411272 | 424123 | T: gemss128v2 |
| 429281 | 431975 | 434149 | T: edons128k08n72nu8l4mu3 |
| 443003 | 443745 | 445879 | T: ecdonaldp224 |
| 454114 | 455730 | 457010 | nccsign5aes |
| 474857 | 476902 | 479718 | T: qtesla1p |
| 448098 | 479964 | 486544 | T: luov8117404pc |
| 500069 | 505045 | 515411 | T: mqsignlr25614896 |
| 498399 | 506586 | 517689 | T: sphincss128harakasimple |
| 503653 | 509670 | 517397 | T: mqsignrr25614896 |
| 511563 | 513468 | 514678 | T: ed448goldilocks |
| 508080 | 518217 | 530199 | mqsignlr25614896 |
| 509329 | 518423 | 527784 | mqsignrr25614896 |
| 543674 | 545309 | 547779 | nccsign5 |
| 583415 | 600536 | 611432 | T: redgemss192 |
| 627815 | 639214 | 658714 | T: bluegemss192 |
| 631550 | 654387 | 667630 | T: gemss192 |
| 676947 | 694195 | 703728 | T: sphincss128harakarobust |
| 709656 | 718419 | 732367 | T: bluegemss192v2 |
| 723290 | 724295 | 726004 | crossrsdpg128fast |
| 711455 | 724604 | 739225 | T: gemss192v2 |
| 731825 | 736828 | 743730 | T: edons128ref |
| 746650 | 756953 | 766140 | T: sphincss192harakasimple |
| 745159 | 760198 | 773626 | T: redgemss192v2 |
| 794837 | 800629 | 809360 | T: donald2048 |
| 818043 | 823807 | 829080 | T: ecdonaldp160 |
| 944265 | 954054 | 962738 | T: ecdonaldp192 |
| 991323 | 1001423 | 1014070 | T: sphincss256harakasimple |
| 1056063 | 1063795 | 1074736 | T: hector |
| 1091885 | 1116198 | 1125566 | T: sphincss192harakarobust |
| 1166670 | 1186510 | 1200791 | T: sphincsf128harakasimple |
| 1191818 | 1192115 | 1192960 | aimer128f |
| 1164347 | 1200570 | 1241539 | T: gemss256 |
| 1187569 | 1211362 | 1262404 | T: bluegemss256 |
| 1278453 | 1283920 | 1289355 | T: sphincs256 |
| 1274406 | 1313874 | 1347803 | T: redgemss256 |
| 1308157 | 1334800 | 1366672 | T: gemss256v2 |
| 1319690 | 1345439 | 1376076 | T: redgemss256v2 |
| 1341753 | 1369432 | 1411072 | T: bluegemss256v2 |
| 1404651 | 1406216 | 1408486 | crossrsdp128fast |
| 1480551 | 1498790 | 1514554 | T: sphincss256harakarobust |
| 1517455 | 1522396 | 1530005 | crossrsdpg128balanced |
| 1623930 | 1629590 | 1637191 | T: ecdonaldk163 |
| 1624126 | 1646039 | 1668618 | T: sphincsf128harakarobust |
| 1677471 | 1680709 | 1688032 | T: ecdonaldb163 |
| 1694577 | 1697188 | 1697954 | crossrsdpg192fast |
| 1869153 | 1890017 | 1908638 | T: sphincsf192harakasimple |
| 1893187 | 1909130 | 1928571 | T: sphincsf256harakasimple |
| 2124289 | 2127109 | 2132362 | T: ecdonaldp521 |
| 2197869 | 2205070 | 2212467 | T: qtesla3p |
| 2255624 | 2257663 | 2262845 | T: ecdonaldk233 |
| 2268741 | 2272720 | 2278007 | crossrsdpg192balanced |
| 2327412 | 2330124 | 2342650 | T: ecdonaldb233 |
| 2641928 | 2646500 | 2648349 | T: luov863256 |
| 2629168 | 2687508 | 2737431 | T: sphincss128sha256simple |
| 2727008 | 2730208 | 2733736 | crossrsdp128balanced |
| 2747553 | 2765244 | 2808140 | T: sphincsf192harakarobust |
| 2808634 | 2833602 | 2875914 | T: sphincsf256harakarobust |
| 2831890 | 2836262 | 2839775 | crossrsdpg256fast |
| 2834586 | 2853994 | 2868127 | T: ecdonaldp384 |
| 3017523 | 3040486 | 3123731 | T: mqdss48 |
| 3040835 | 3042120 | 3044393 | aimer192f |
| 3069676 | 3072994 | 3078989 | crossrsdp192fast |
| 3216721 | 3221971 | 3225417 | crossrsdpg128small |
| 3411693 | 3415749 | 3432305 | picnicl1full |
| 3427789 | 3539883 | 3588448 | T: sphincss128shake256simple |
| 3636933 | 3643160 | 3652414 | crossrsdpg256balanced |
| 3693519 | 3698799 | 3703424 | T: ecdonaldk283 |
| 3869435 | 3883056 | 3903569 | T: ecdonaldb283 |
| 4082450 | 4132660 | 4179778 | T: sphincss192sha256simple |
| 4214630 | 4220201 | 4235887 | picnicl1fs |
| 4602844 | 4609835 | 4616035 | crossrsdpg192small |
| 5091254 | 5216204 | 5296433 | T: sphincss128sha256robust |
| 5259301 | 5264270 | 5290384 | picnicl1ur |
| 5422486 | 5427943 | 5433891 | crossrsdp256fast |
| 5395770 | 5459984 | 5557703 | T: sphincss256sha256simple |
| 5706712 | 5833298 | 5940032 | T: sphincss192shake256simple |
| 5832446 | 5835986 | 5840912 | crossrsdp192balanced |
| 5851758 | 5855702 | 5864339 | crossrsdp128small |
| 6243762 | 6246997 | 6258944 | T: ecdonaldk409 |
| 6307591 | 6364540 | 6472226 | T: sphincsf128sha256simple |
| 6486457 | 6489856 | 6494372 | aimer256f |
| 6563142 | 6570851 | 6581073 | T: ecdonaldb409 |
| 6680055 | 6686133 | 6697207 | picnicl3full |
| 6605160 | 6750489 | 6913627 | T: sphincss128shake256robust |
| 6839665 | 6844411 | 6848471 | crossrsdpg256small |
| 7554064 | 7639527 | 8118681 | T: mqdss64 |
| 7530510 | 7652229 | 7807935 | T: sphincss256shake256simple |
| 8354445 | 8421970 | 8514814 | T: sphincss192sha256robust |
| 8304439 | 8452984 | 8566527 | T: sphincsf128shake256simple |
| 8973182 | 8981993 | 8984846 | crossrsdp192small |
| 9313257 | 9319020 | 9321024 | aimer128s |
| 9334869 | 9360126 | 9391410 | T: luov890351 |
| 9772407 | 9945339 | 10098610 | T: sphincss192shake256robust |
| 9987816 | 9994194 | 10002892 | crossrsdp256balanced |
| 10003161 | 10016200 | 10045224 | picnicl3fs |
| 10258034 | 10347743 | 10429088 | T: sphincsf192sha256simple |
| 10496745 | 10626951 | 10748340 | T: sphincsf256sha256simple |
| 11229673 | 11247931 | 11270387 | picnicl5full |
| 12365237 | 12507615 | 12729059 | T: sphincsf128sha256robust |
| 12701176 | 12713434 | 12738441 | T: rainbow1acompres363232 |
| 12754107 | 12768283 | 12782788 | picnicl3ur |
| 12557680 | 12769218 | 13135789 | T: sphincss256shake256robust |
| 12869329 | 12974356 | 13452449 | T: rainbow1acyclicc363232 |
| 13114463 | 13264637 | 13423798 | T: sphincsf192shake256simple |
| 13611083 | 13629790 | 13642616 | T: ecdonaldk571 |
| 13504120 | 13639143 | 13767232 | T: sphincsf256shake256simple |
| 13684393 | 13697846 | 13712920 | picnic3l1 |
| 14552954 | 14566821 | 14595912 | T: ecdonaldb571 |
| 15343652 | 15645533 | 15781217 | T: sphincss256sha256robust |
| 16097949 | 16176108 | 16198016 | T: luov8117404 |
| 16148478 | 16470192 | 16650417 | T: sphincsf128shake256robust |
| 16687960 | 16699549 | 16710138 | crossrsdp256small |
| 16876436 | 16908049 | 16928674 | picnicl5fs |
| 16955255 | 16969392 | 16988343 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 20876508 | 21039143 | 21237064 | T: sphincsf192sha256robust |
| 21249902 | 21310231 | 21364913 | picnicl5ur |
| 22987504 | 23056670 | 23160835 | aimer192s |
| 25692739 | 25952953 | 26250438 | T: sphincsf192shake256robust |
| 25784036 | 26019588 | 26354150 | T: sphincsf256shake256robust |
| 29716935 | 29763957 | 30239609 | picnic3l3 |
| 30539858 | 30725358 | 31147556 | T: sphincsf256sha256robust |
| 32086797 | 32103192 | 32117881 | T: luov4849242 |
| 46987461 | 47014882 | 47047939 | aimer256s |
| 46993466 | 47047939 | 47090186 | picnic3l5 |
| 66920310 | 66966252 | 67029791 | T: picnic2l1fs |
| 77441729 | 77481453 | 77913198 | T: rainbow3ccompres683248 |
| 77366589 | 78026072 | 78264310 | T: rainbow3ccyclicc683248 |
| 80699694 | 80752770 | 80808534 | T: luov6468330 |
| 151112249 | 151296404 | 151612419 | T: picnic2l3fs |
| 166378269 | 166604075 | 167548621 | T: luov8086399 |
| 172667886 | 172758051 | 173200763 | T: rainbow5ccompres963664 |
| 172752767 | 173649172 | 175739809 | T: rainbow5ccyclicc963664 |
| 266725333 | 266951029 | 267080794 | T: picnic2l5fs |
|
|
|