VAMPIRE

eBACS: ECRYPT Benchmarking of Cryptographic Systems
ECRYPT II
General information:IntroductioneBASHeBASCeBAEADeBATSSUPERCOPXBXComputersArch
How to submit new software:Tipshashstreamaeaddhkemencryptsign
List of primitives measured:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
Measurements:lwcsha3hashstreamlwccaesaraeaddhkemencryptsign
List of subroutines:verifydecodeencodesortcorehashblocksxofscalarmult

Measurements of key-encapsulation mechanisms on one machine: aarch64; Skylark (503f0002); 2018 Ampere eMAG 8180; 32 x 3300MHz; unstable; gcc185, supercop-20240107

[Page version: 20251103 11:56:20]

eBATS (ECRYPT Benchmarking of Asymmetric Systems) is a project to measure the performance of public-key systems. This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS for key-encapsulation mechanisms:

Each table row lists the first quartile of many speed measurements, the median of many speed measurements, the third quartile of many speed measurements, and the name of the primitive. Measurements with large variance are indicated in red with question marks. The symbol C: means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security as a goal for this key-encapsulation mechanism. The symbol T: (starting with supercop-20200816) means that the SUPERCOP database at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time as a goal for this implementation. The symbol T!!! means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation, but that the implementation failed TIMECOP. (TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues; they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)

There is a separate page with more information about each key-encapsulation mechanism and each implementation. Designers and implementors interested in submitting new key-encapsulation mechanisms and new implementations of existing systems should read the call for submissions.

Test results

Graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (ccycles,cbytes) (kcycles,cbytes) (pkbytes,cbytes)

NISTPQC graphs: (pkcycles,pkbytes) (ccycles,cbytes) (kcycles,cbytes) (pkbytes,cbytes)

Cycles to generate a key pair
25%50%75%system
105975106050106275
T:
lightsaber2
110250110700111375
T:
C:r5nd1kem0d
125475126450127725
T:
C:r5nd0kem2iot
144675145275146250
T:
C:r5nd1kem5d
147300148200151650
T:
C:r5nd1kem4longkey
163875164025164550
T:
newhope512cca
165000165525166200kyber512
191100191400191925C:threebears624r2cpa
192750193125193425threebears624r2cca
193350193650193875C:threebears624r2cpax
197025197100197325
T:
saber2
199050199425200025threebears624r2ccax
272925273900275025
T:
C:r5nd3kem5d
291450292275293325kyber768
314925315000315375
T:
firesaber2
316200316800317400kyber90s512
326250326550326850
T:
newhope1024cca
353775354750355575threebears936r2cca
363450364050365475C:threebears936r2cpa
364800365550366225threebears936r2ccax
368175369300370800C:threebears936r2cpax
426750428550429150
T:
C:hila5
433275435150440775
T:
C:r5nd3kem0d
459450460200461625kyber1024
488325490575492000
T:
kindi256342
507150507525508050
T:
kindi512222
512775513450514500
T:
kindi512241
530250532500534225
T:
C:r5nd5kem5d
565875568050569625
T:
C:r5nd5kem0d
574500576900578025threebears1248r2cca
577800578400579075kyber90s768
587850588600588900threebears1248r2ccax
590625591450592575C:threebears1248r2cpa
594225594675595050C:threebears1248r2cpax
725400731550732000
T:
ntrulpr653
932625933600936000kyber90s1024
940575940800946950
T:
ntrulpr761
105000010504501056975
T:
kindi512321
104632510534501060425
T:
hqc1281
115500011551501155675
T:
ntrulpr857
129345012951001299825
T:
kindi256522
138300013833751389525
T:
ntrulpr953
153937515438751546125
T:
ntrulpr1013
162532516554001661700
T:
ntrukem443
177360017739751774800
T:
lima2p1024cca
232042523211002322150
T:
ntrulpr1277
249300025029002512575
T:
hqc1921
266692526818502692200
T:
hqc1922
320362532055753210000
T:
limasp1018cca
356220035628753569250
T:
lima2p2048cca
437647543963504403925
T:
ntrukem743
453352545562504567050
T:
hqc2561
481357548378754861275
T:
hqc2562
502552550494505073825
T:
hqc2563
524865052634255277750
T:
C:lake1
564675056523005664825
T:
limasp1306cca
571665057247505734500
T:
frodokem640
583807558503755872650
T:
C:lake3
595882559614505969100
T:
frodokem640aes
644617564589256472050
T:
limasp1822cca
649417565002506529575
T:
C:lake2
981397598304009859050
T:
locker1
106662001068622510712925
T:
limasp2062cca
112728751127497511303025
T:
frodokem640shake
124179751242382512452850
T:
frodokem976
125421001254907512556500
T:
ntruhps2048509
125640001257270012589575ntruhps2048509
127585501276740012796275
T:
frodokem976aes
131430001314637513168875
T:
sikep434
133063501331160013328475
T:
ntrulpr4591761
135215251353990013598925
T:
locker4
137139751382197513916925
T:
ramstakers216091
149541001497045014992350
T:
C:r5n11kem0d
172454251725435017284725
T:
C:bikel1
194712751948252519497075
T:
sikep503
195859501959810019625175
T:
C:ledakemcpa14
216768752168377521704325
T:
ntruhps2048677
217287002174077521771375ntruhps2048677
212589002211307523412975
T:
sikep434comp
229067252291392522938900
T:
frodokem1344aes
231526502316502523208300ntruhrss701
242925752430015024314400
T:
ntruhrss701
246033002461665024647475
T:
C:ledakemcpa13
247058252471167524735825
T:
frodokem976shake
249198002492715024945675
T:
sntrup653
249773252498790025077675sntrup653
273049502733405027405075
T:
locker7
293896502953395029730975
T:
mersenne756839
310623003106710031079550
T:
ntruhps4096821
314181753155745034155750
T:
sikep503comp
315875253159855031643925ntruhps4096821
369387003695235037002150
T:
C:r5n13kem0d
378907503790530037921725
T:
sikep610
379814253798720037996050
T:
sntrup761
380503503805830038083575sntrup761
392845503938445039911925
T:
lotus128
441260254413570044159550
T:
frodokem1344shake
451198504513597545158625
T:
C:ledakemcpa12
484304254843477548444825
T:
sntrup857
485110504853632548567450sntrup857
547882505479567554848925
T:
C:bikel3
597761255978227559787675
T:
sntrup953
598717505991090059979225sntrup953
608775006139957562208750
T:
ramstakers756839
633721506339112563411150
T:
sikep751
653978256551655070799175
T:
sikep610comp
665745756659332566619125
T:
C:ledakemcpa34
671934006724890067262625
T:
sntrup1013
672955506734760067358175sntrup1013
683786256839152568417175
T:
C:r5n15kem0d
689496006899835069092325
T:
ledakem1464
731587507377757577019750
T:
lotus192
759021757591942575937500
T:
C:ledakemcpa33
870661508715202587410925
T:
ledakem1364
921437259242797592754375
T:
ntskem1264
973962759746737599562875
T:
ledakem14sl
9893362599159975107418450
T:
sikep751comp
106161675106185600106224675
T:
sntrup1277
106270275106279200106302150sntrup1277
121952400121957725121972650
T:
sntrup4591761
120843975123360600126132525
T:
ledakem13sl
137098875137122350137158725
T:
C:ledakemcpa32
146180175147752400147903825
T:
lotus256
159117300159149400159181575
T:
C:ledakemcpa54
161261925161291700161342025
T:
C:ledakemcpa53
179551725179587125179632725
T:
ledakem1264
117589575?192284100?318354900?
T:
rsa2048
201112875201228525209168625
T:
ledakem3464
236219250236278875237555825
T:
ledakem12sl
245951475246571050247397400
T:
ntskem1380
252637350252714300262325250
T:
ledakem34sl
255932925255971475256024725
T:
ledakem3364
263032125263070675263123025
T:
C:ledakemcpa52
260321925263282625264976800
T:
oddmanhattan128
318182025318231150318317775
T:
ledakem5464
328904850328972875329130075
T:
ledakem33sl
348793575348918075349038900mceliece348864f
349259250349358250349494300mceliece348864pcf
321196575?366498000?461013225?mceliece348864pc
366649575366734100366895050
T:
ledakem3264
324942825?372132075?466056375?mceliece348864
421601925428277000429907425
T:
oddmanhattan192
518178375519088500520366650
T:
ntskem13136
556245225556311300556394700
T:
ledakem5364
651461850651504750651678150
T:
ledakem54sl
715951050716058000718833450
T:
ledakem32sl
745289925746058000752444625
T:
oddmanhattan256
766404450766506150775170750
T:
ledakem53sl
783713025783936600787824450
T:
ledakem5264
108074640010811594251094416050mceliece460896pcf
108141210010844341501097005200mceliece460896f
158904900015940780501595366025
T:
ledakem52sl
1287258000?1701097275?2986866525?mceliece460896pc
172349565017238669751724164200mceliece6960119f
172422352517244655501724888925mceliece6960119pcf
1276542825?1746802125?2606286825?mceliece460896
185391960018542298001854564600mceliece6688128pcf
186649717518668463001867204350mceliece6688128f
193126620019337205001937111175mceliece8192128f
193612140019369396501965340875mceliece8192128pcf
1990211625?2765290200?4314773175?mceliece6960119pc
2741011275?3517180125?4304497875?mceliece6960119
2595823350?3815129775?5043479175?mceliece8192128
2625215400?3817349100?6202648500?mceliece8192128pc
2238562575?4031339550?5828533800?mceliece6688128pc
3143130975?4043869575?5839661625?mceliece6688128
763558747579044160508069462700
T:
pqrsa15
Cycles for encapsulation
25%50%75%system
23400?30000?31050?
T:
rsa2048
956259637597200
T:
ntskem1264
143325143475143625
T:
ntruhrss701
154950155100155250
T:
lightsaber2
163350163725164250
T:
C:r5nd1kem0d
159300166050174825mceliece348864
157650166125174525mceliece348864f
184425192150200325mceliece348864pc
185025192600200700mceliece348864pcf
195000196125199950
T:
C:r5nd0kem2iot
215550216300217350
T:
C:r5nd1kem5d
220875221925223650
T:
C:r5nd1kem4longkey
236175236625237825threebears624r2ccax
236775237225237825threebears624r2cca
241500242025242175C:threebears624r2cpa
241875242025242400C:threebears624r2cpax
242775242925244125kyber512
260925261000261150
T:
newhope512cca
262950263025263175
T:
saber2
267975269175271500
T:
ntskem1380
304950308850339300
T:
ntrukem443
356550356775363000
T:
ntruhps2048509
370275370575370875
T:
C:ledakemcpa13
373050373425375675
T:
C:ledakemcpa14
361275379800407325mceliece460896f
358275383100428625mceliece460896
388650388875389325kyber90s512
392700392850399150ntruhps2048509
393975394800397050kyber768
396075396225396450
T:
firesaber2
398775399825400800
T:
C:r5nd3kem5d
396750404625413700
T:
C:ledakemcpa12
405075405975406200threebears936r2cca
379950407700432750mceliece460896pc
408750409050409800threebears936r2ccax
393675414075451200mceliece460896pcf
424125424500424950C:threebears936r2cpax
425850426900427200C:threebears936r2cpa
479025509025565950mceliece6960119
483075510225550350mceliece6960119f
514875515100515550
T:
newhope1024cca
522900543900580875mceliece6960119pcf
524925545775582900mceliece6960119pc
552225553200554550
T:
C:hila5
536325562950609600mceliece6688128
572100572475578775
T:
ntruhps2048677
538050581850637800mceliece6688128f
581250581850582075kyber1024
406350?584700?606300?
T:
ntskem13136
593100593250593400ntruhrss701
564450609525638475mceliece6688128pcf
571350614550665475mceliece6688128pc
608700627525666525mceliece8192128
629550629775636075ntruhps2048677
607575630600647925mceliece8192128f
635850638700639225threebears1248r2cca
640050640425640725threebears1248r2ccax
641925645450650625
T:
C:lake1
647625648825650025
T:
kindi256342
655875659025690750
T:
ntrukem743
660150660375660600C:threebears1248r2cpax
660450661875662550C:threebears1248r2cpa
656700674475714150mceliece8192128pc
674175674700675075kyber90s768
657000687975711525mceliece8192128pcf
726000726300727125
T:
kindi512222
740175740475741825
T:
kindi512241
737400741975744675
T:
sntrup653
755625757350760275
T:
C:r5nd3kem0d
756000758475761025
T:
C:lake2
757800758550759300
T:
lotus128
769950773775777075
T:
C:r5nd5kem5d
792450796575799425sntrup653
794550800925810525
T:
ntruhps4096821
831450833550836550
T:
C:lake3
863100864000864525
T:
C:ledakemcpa34
868800869025875250ntruhps4096821
887925890625892575
T:
C:ledakemcpa33
950925951450952200
T:
sntrup761
9683259867001006950
T:
C:ledakemcpa32
100762510100251012575
T:
C:r5nd5kem0d
101745010176751018575sntrup761
104880010498501050300kyber90s1024
113550011372251139775
T:
lotus192
115980011658751166250
T:
sntrup857
116550011697751170750
T:
ledakem1464
119242511934001203300
T:
lima2p1024cca
121995012207001224975
T:
C:bikel1
123697512429001243425sntrup857
129172512953251299975
T:
locker1
137107513727251373625
T:
ledakem14sl
138337513845001392750
T:
kindi512321
139717513983751403700
T:
sntrup953
139875013990501399275
T:
ntrulpr653
143730014394001439850
T:
ledakem1364
148305014835751486725sntrup953
155265015562501562025
T:
kindi256522
155070015567001557375
T:
sntrup1013
160470016054501609575
T:
lotus256
164527516511251652100sntrup1013
171892517214001725525
T:
locker4
181567518159001816500
T:
ntrulpr761
186712518693001872675
T:
ledakem13sl
191497519163251918125
T:
C:ledakemcpa54
196807519751251980825
T:
C:ledakemcpa53
199627520249252061675
T:
C:ledakemcpa52
222915022293752230350
T:
ntrulpr857
222375022677752299950
T:
ledakem1264
233550023359502336550
T:
sntrup1277
235035023592752372250
T:
hqc1281
238275023865002388300
T:
lima2p2048cca
246667524678752468550sntrup1277
262125026234252628150
T:
limasp1018cca
268230026834252684775
T:
ntrulpr953
290190029030252905875
T:
ledakem3464
292987529798253045825
T:
ledakem12sl
298852529913002992950
T:
ntrulpr1013
338887533987753424125
T:
locker7
364102536420753647700
T:
C:bikel3
379522538004003804975
T:
ledakem34sl
380947538165253821925
T:
ledakem3364
452370045244504529700
T:
ntrulpr1277
480637548122254825275
T:
limasp1306cca
524565052483505252250
T:
ledakem33sl
525720052657505278800
T:
limasp1822cca
546015055930505722725
T:
ledakem3264
559020056114255627850
T:
hqc1921
596445059892756009750
T:
hqc1922
637237563737256381300
T:
ledakem5464
743527574418007451325
T:
frodokem640
751200075133507524300
T:
frodokem640aes
813292581382508145900
T:
ledakem5364
819840083061758473875
T:
ledakem32sl
845437584594008467725
T:
ledakem54sl
934147593574509372975
T:
limasp2062cca
101168251014645010174575
T:
hqc2561
107691001077352510781175
T:
ledakem53sl
107445001078890010815975
T:
hqc2562
112195501125007511288925
T:
hqc2563
130529251308457513091550
T:
frodokem640shake
133442251334940013353750
T:
sntrup4591761
140540251406400014074425
T:
C:r5n11kem0d
142905001436820014489625
T:
ledakem5264
158216251582897515839175
T:
frodokem976
158598001617337516548750
T:
ledakem52sl
167121751672230016730625
T:
frodokem976aes
214706252147482521479325
T:
sikep434
260486252635320026476575
T:
ramstakers216091
265479752654985026553675
T:
ntrulpr4591761
283584752838247528399200
T:
frodokem976shake
299471252995507529969850
T:
frodokem1344aes
319895253200197532039250
T:
sikep503
333737253352507533697425
T:
sikep434comp
340023753400620034016700
T:
C:r5n13kem0d
343758753458557534612350
T:
pqrsa15
430272004305060043083825
T:
mersenne756839
489567004916812549432125
T:
sikep503comp
508055255081970050870550
T:
frodokem1344shake
597510005975955059778300
T:
C:r5n15kem0d
695577756958057569601725
T:
sikep610
880847258826502588495425
T:
oddmanhattan128
966233259699675097238925
T:
sikep610comp
102508800102524475102542250
T:
sikep751
113769000115394325116793150
T:
ramstakers756839
158570475158996250159950925
T:
sikep751comp
180254550180633450181037925
T:
oddmanhattan192
346108500347003325347890650
T:
oddmanhattan256
Cycles for decapsulation
25%50%75%system
360753607536075C:threebears624r2cpax
458254612546125C:threebears936r2cpax
555755572555875C:threebears1248r2cpax
768757807578750
T:
C:r5nd1kem0d
810758107581225C:threebears624r2cpa
982509877599900
T:
C:r5nd0kem2iot
108975109200109425C:threebears936r2cpa
111300111600113100
T:
C:r5nd1kem4longkey
110850112125112650
T:
C:r5nd1kem5d
137250137775137850C:threebears1248r2cpa
142575143250143475
T:
C:hila5
177375177450177600
T:
lightsaber2
187725188175188475
T:
C:r5nd3kem5d
292050292200292350
T:
saber2
302850303000304125kyber512
309450309750311025threebears624r2ccax
323175323175323250
T:
newhope512cca
346050346275346650
T:
ntruhrss701
355575356400359775
T:
C:r5nd5kem5d
413925414225414600threebears624r2cca
423225425775426225
T:
C:r5nd3kem0d
434325434475434625
T:
firesaber2
447300447450448200kyber90s512
453825455100456825
T:
ntrukem443
471675472425474900kyber768
507750507975508350threebears936r2ccax
553875558075559875
T:
C:r5nd5kem0d
607650607950608550
T:
C:r5n11kem0d
637050637425637575
T:
newhope1024cca
646050647100647925threebears936r2cca
676950677400677700kyber1024
751500752025752325kyber90s768
756975757575759675threebears1248r2ccax
805500805725805875
T:
ntskem1264
832200832800833925
T:
kindi256342
879075881100883200
T:
C:r5n13kem0d
902250902475902775mceliece348864
902475902775903225mceliece348864f
926775927075927300mceliece348864pcf
927300927525927825mceliece348864pc
941850942450946950threebears1248r2cca
970875971175971775ntruhps2048509
971175972000972450
T:
ntruhps2048509
9987009990001000125
T:
kindi512222
100185010024501003275
T:
kindi512241
106740010683751069425
T:
lotus128
109762511007751103325
T:
ntrukem743
114382511451751145700kyber90s1024
143752514397001441575
T:
lima2p1024cca
158610015865501586925ntruhps2048677
158692515873001587600
T:
ntruhps2048677
159030015985501599300
T:
ntskem1380
168817516899751693050sntrup653
168847516905001692975
T:
sntrup653
169732516982251699200
T:
lotus192
171525017156251716525ntruhrss701
175207517541001761750
T:
kindi512321
182662518283501834650
T:
kindi256522
203992520404502040825sntrup761
204157520421752042775
T:
sntrup761
204772520487752049525
T:
ntrulpr653
222982522307252247300
T:
ntruhps4096821
223320022338002234550ntruhps4096821
241305024137252415075mceliece460896f
241297524141752414850mceliece460896
243487524354002436075mceliece460896pcf
243855024395252440875mceliece460896pc
248302524846752486100
T:
lotus256
260475026054252606175mceliece6960119f
260632526079002610525mceliece6960119
264712526479502649000mceliece6960119pc
264757526504252656125mceliece6960119pcf
266790026682002668650
T:
ntrulpr761
267630026765252677500mceliece8192128f
267952526800502681475mceliece6688128
267555026809502681325mceliece8192128
268170026820752683575mceliece6688128f
271170027160502720475
T:
C:lake1
271620027173252718900mceliece6688128pcf
271702527173252719050mceliece8192128pc
271717527178502719125mceliece8192128pcf
271530027184502729925mceliece6688128pc
274762527478502748300sntrup857
274905027504752751675
T:
sntrup857
282210028238252843175
T:
lima2p2048cca
284010028884752889450
T:
C:r5n15kem0d
328275032831253283875
T:
ntrulpr857
330990033117003318000
T:
limasp1018cca
331635033168003317550sntrup953
331950033205503322500
T:
sntrup953
337485033753004117875
T:
C:ledakemcpa12
3417525?3419475?4439850?
T:
C:ledakemcpa13
356872535757003580500
T:
ntskem13136
369082536923253693225sntrup1013
369172536933753694875
T:
sntrup1013
385417539043503909075
T:
hqc1281
395647539571503958275
T:
ntrulpr953
407025040743004074975
T:
C:ledakemcpa14
441150044136754416300
T:
ntrulpr1013
462037546337254652100
T:
C:lake2
499200049940254997025
T:
rsa2048
551220055311005544525
T:
locker1
559642555986005600775
T:
sntrup1277
559852555998755606250sntrup1277
596610060008256017625
T:
C:lake3
617992561904256211650
T:
limasp1306cca
648862565070756527625
T:
locker4
667402566840756701925
T:
limasp1822cca
669630066974256701625
T:
ntrulpr1277
748657574877007498275
T:
frodokem640aes
756030075705007579425
T:
frodokem640
856942585981508624475
T:
hqc1921
896437590234009061875
T:
hqc1922
908002590812259090375
T:
C:ledakemcpa32
111085501112910011163375
T:
locker7
116597251166085011672175
T:
C:ledakemcpa33
117735751178865011832450
T:
ledakem1264
120493501206427512071550
T:
ledakem1364
121089001212127512138975
T:
limasp2062cca
129913501299390013002225
T:
frodokem640shake
135491251366710013678725
T:
ledakem12sl
10570875?13780050?13792275?
T:
C:ledakemcpa34
141101251413127514149500
T:
ledakem1464
148820251491622514932200
T:
hqc2561
159468751596757515991425
T:
hqc2562
160112251601760016028325
T:
frodokem976
164531251646887516533525
T:
ledakem13sl
164895001652797516573800
T:
hqc2563
166159501662150016631625
T:
frodokem976aes
165741751664280016660200
T:
ledakem14sl
219261002193712521948600
T:
C:ledakemcpa52
230489252305447523058450
T:
sikep434
237382502374650023757600
T:
C:bikel1
244799252449027524498900
T:
sikep434comp
261789752618572526195700
T:
C:ledakemcpa53
282318752824102528258950
T:
frodokem976shake
298122002982195029835600
T:
frodokem1344aes
299388002994630029955825
T:
C:ledakemcpa54
323463003235920032772750
T:
ledakem3264
330135003323760033257175
T:
ledakem3364
340728753407835034085775
T:
sikep503
362308503623355036239175
T:
sikep503comp
374465253746610037489125
T:
ledakem3464
380571003806025038067525
T:
sntrup4591761
397881753979050039797250
T:
ntrulpr4591761
404056504048432540500750
T:
ledakem32sl
472602004727692547339475
T:
ledakem33sl
487857004915245049389450
T:
ledakem34sl
506107505062500050673750
T:
frodokem1344shake
541593005467395054727950
T:
ramstakers216091
633687006337957563396900
T:
ledakem5264
641116506414502564188300
T:
mersenne756839
700577257007655070093350
T:
sikep610
721764757218772572201225
T:
ledakem5364
742035757421662574234400
T:
C:bikel3
747225757472827574737125
T:
sikep610comp
860525258614290086708100
T:
ledakem5464
917262759180525092439300
T:
ledakem52sl
947588259478080094925625
T:
ledakem53sl
978000759797917598112600
T:
oddmanhattan128
110240325110263875110274675
T:
sikep751
110535525110574600110628450
T:
ledakem54sl
116954400116966925118438725
T:
sikep751comp
201095325201548100201855525
T:
oddmanhattan192
223972875224142675225386025
T:
ramstakers756839
267169050267218175267428175
T:
pqrsa15
386189100386462700387051825
T:
oddmanhattan256