Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Skylake (506e3); 2015 Intel Core i3-6100; 2 x 3700MHz; skydell, supercop-20260330
[Page version: 20260522 07:40:25]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 56870 | 57417 | 58170 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 70785 | 71417 | 72521 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 97072 | 97570 | 98446 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 104333 | 105025 | 105916 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 120444 | 121140 | 121951 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 178438 | 179871 | 181356 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 455099 | 456654 | 458521 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 528578 | 531228 | 534640 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 609839 | 613000 | 616136 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 1024965 | 1028266 | 1031568 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1040423 | 1043418 | 1047259 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1309661 | 1314855 | 1318228 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1534484 | 1540509 | 1546535 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 2449089 | 2454056 | 2473302 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3321110 | 3338251 | 3465797 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3479282 | 3504836 | 3620056 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4213572? | 4222931? | 5539141? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3841229? | 4583298? | 5411475? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5831432 | 5848879 | 6211015 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5816462? | 5954814? | 8693462? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7153288 | 7171546 | 7191187 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7924785 | 7968105 | 8154109 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9368421 | 9383341 | 9434109 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9972437 | 10063071 | 11387904 | T: lotus128 |
| 10578479? | 10636997? | 13236830? | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 11460999 | 11518706 | 12621872 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 12001527 | 12008497 | 12016729 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 12773321 | 12791056 | 12852751 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 15966716 | 16118072 | 19906674 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18458551 | 18529493 | 18790502 | T: lotus192 |
| 19700787 | 19938818 | 21669091 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 20441896 | 20482251 | 22591683 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 20788817 | 20863886 | 20941623 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 27853871 | 28521669 | 28946383 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 29899637 | 30778064 | 31927447 | T: C:mceliece |
| 31247645 | 31654816 | 32358931 | T: lotus256 |
| 31919595 | 32054456 | 32165785 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 32242593 | 33412368 | 35257858 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 36793325 | 37275139 | 37729995 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 47084750 | 47705348 | 47860375 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 34490447? | 50836717? | 72610870? | T: ronald1024 |
| 52321725 | 52785672 | 53738424 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 61943904 | 62157136 | 63293023 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 70595047 | 70837918 | 71363338 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 77686137 | 77804336 | 77926657 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 83857211 | 85236082 | 85492858 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 95720369 | 96129834 | 96633614 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 59084126? | 96757365? | 149431734? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 97188479 | 97429925 | 97841361 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 107648407 | 107864281 | 108068884 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 67593306? | 115877121? | 175483331? | T: rsa2048 |
| 159272868 | 160000379 | 161075644 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 170455805? | 258594907? | 382796239? | T: ronald1536 |
| 283356130? | 409077882? | 609321551? | T: ronald2048 |
| 948391283? | 1517749241? | 2276986688? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3129306641 | 3214083270 | 3301439092 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2663103483? | 4264837143? | 6676899385? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 21337 | 21784 | 22771 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 21374 | 21882 | 22689 | T: rsa2048 |
| 36288 | 36751 | 37599 | T: ronald1024 |
| 41934 | 42156 | 42342 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 45902 | 46360 | 47394 | T: ronald1536 |
| 47530 | 47812 | 48084 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 51894 | 52462 | 53239 | T: C:mceliece |
| 59379 | 60259 | 61154 | T: ronald2048 |
| 68375 | 68711 | 69061 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 88293 | 88575 | 88834 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 93896 | 95113 | 96516 | T: ronald3072 |
| 106373 | 107004 | 107551 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 106768 | 107313 | 107922 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 141402 | 143004 | 145064 | T: ronald4096 |
| 142366 | 143138 | 144072 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 154354 | 178587 | 179752 | T: lotus128 |
| 188610 | 189492 | 190327 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 193495 | 194250 | 195218 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 218218 | 220849 | 221742 | T: lotus192 |
| 240795 | 241548 | 242419 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 299678 | 301264 | 308024 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 307962 | 309213 | 310614 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 307888 | 313973 | 315889 | T: lotus256 |
| 393097 | 400390 | 412251 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 492951 | 495887 | 496959 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 583826 | 585462 | 586478 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 597582 | 598575 | 599513 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 608718 | 612770 | 625057 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 625364 | 625934 | 626673 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 666848 | 668134 | 669346 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 694660 | 696711 | 698558 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 738459 | 739612 | 741423 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 748307 | 750432 | 755244 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 753571 | 754517 | 755271 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 827816 | 828663 | 829420 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 901694 | 902396 | 904909 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 935180 | 938537 | 944208 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1053722 | 1053965 | 1054469 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1102670 | 1104162 | 1105392 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1122112 | 1124010 | 1125553 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1222644 | 1227540 | 1228804 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1374380 | 1375264 | 1376683 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1411400 | 1414244 | 1418035 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1429909 | 1431750 | 1433907 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1444809 | 1446247 | 1448836 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1615067 | 1618776 | 1625258 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1805412 | 1810283 | 1812617 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1912721 | 1914917 | 1930618 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2269214 | 2270410 | 2272121 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2366014 | 2367179 | 2371617 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2463783 | 2465600 | 2466605 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2628065 | 2635719 | 2653746 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2642296 | 2643502 | 2649970 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2936674 | 2938495 | 2951799 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3269626 | 3275915 | 3289693 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3369996 | 3375045 | 3377453 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17530230 | 17601116 | 17620573 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 45476 | 45727 | 46146 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 51154 | 51409 | 51856 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 75029 | 75318 | 75925 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 101581 | 102004 | 102824 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 106264 | 107264 | 109643 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 135103 | 135572 | 137733 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 165771 | 167077 | 171148 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 174322 | 174890 | 189842 | T: lotus128 |
| 228235 | 230875 | 236877 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 237310 | 238965 | 242568 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 261747 | 264619 | 265292 | T: lotus192 |
| 303987 | 305468 | 309206 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 379674 | 385774 | 387305 | T: lotus256 |
| 426715 | 428540 | 430912 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 744128 | 746306 | 747211 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 845892 | 853654 | 863311 | T: C:mceliece |
| 912807 | 915837 | 919655 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 910344 | 918697 | 928886 | T: ronald1024 |
| 1195762 | 1201110 | 1207131 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1227761 | 1238590 | 1247553 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1470558 | 1475702 | 1480189 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1516980 | 1523606 | 1530197 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1756194 | 1759422 | 1763940 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1778794 | 1785106 | 1790425 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1792666 | 1800162 | 1808094 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1812248 | 1814122 | 1816018 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2086511 | 2091884 | 2098824 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2091642 | 2092671 | 2100341 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2086716 | 2095164 | 2108594 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2135753 | 2140504 | 2146030 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2156017 | 2158756 | 2164319 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2249575 | 2260933 | 2306159 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2261296 | 2264922 | 2279757 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2359475 | 2373141 | 2383359 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2595325 | 2596783 | 2626607 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2794611 | 2798599 | 2800311 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2992757 | 2997237 | 3082848 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3126068 | 3157581 | 3209049 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3172616 | 3175351 | 3178995 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3486465 | 3514482 | 3546889 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3768655 | 3773557 | 3779395 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5824380 | 5840117 | 5855915 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 6491917 | 6505053 | 6527321 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 6547753 | 6570972 | 6591606 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7665972 | 7679707 | 7706988 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8707309 | 8727037 | 8751404 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9362770 | 9373196 | 9387785 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 9400385 | 9407697 | 9420120 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 10533330 | 10548906 | 10563901 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 13034036 | 13069560 | 13141828 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 14077876 | 14090661 | 14101777 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 16363094 | 16383974 | 16399415 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 17770638 | 17799748 | 17828992 | T: ronald4096 |
| 18579991 | 18617964 | 18848748 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 19404606 | 19474044 | 19598270 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 20031239 | 20080074 | 20192756 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 106743686 | 107488134 | 107523208 | T: pqrsa15 |
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