Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Broadwell+AES (306d4); 2015 Intel Core i3-5005U; 2 x 1900MHz; shoe, supercop-20260330
[Page version: 20260422 02:30:44]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 56687 | 57163 | 57704 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 75715 | 76255 | 77163 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 107337 | 108201 | 109336 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 109679 | 114245 | 115181 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 140113 | 142045 | 143495 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 188154 | 189379 | 191237 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 448244 | 450262 | 453719 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 514720 | 518478 | 521604 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 553416 | 556754 | 572434 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 877578 | 882385 | 888249 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1211202 | 1233853 | 1252500 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1345143 | 1352046 | 1360279 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1675365 | 1686675 | 1714022 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2813176 | 2833102 | 2881269 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3508257 | 3531290 | 3623203 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3896266 | 3901253 | 4046415 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4243519? | 5255457? | 7153596? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 4485121? | 5455390? | 6126884? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 6122220 | 6167862 | 6660458 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 6539296? | 6824990? | 9558110? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7755426 | 7815367 | 7850744 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 8224409 | 8245417 | 8314876 | T: C:4hfe |
| 8861690 | 8890856 | 8965965 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9809317 | 9872545 | 10632172 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 10358462 | 10418481 | 11889478 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 12566193 | 12637792 | 12703329 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 12609268 | 12881438 | 14480132 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 13566805 | 13591931 | 13621486 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 15882284 | 15928919 | 19065341 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 19868576 | 20248328 | 22143099 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 20450495 | 20539619 | 23223004 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 27808674 | 28017417 | 28184072 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 30782162 | 31549570 | 33297924 | T: C:mceliece |
| 32646267 | 32860908 | 32997519 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 33191268 | 34191544 | 36550534 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 35531162 | 36119766 | 36861290 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 34096832 | 39608116 | 39840761 | T: lotus192 |
| 41765378 | 42123528 | 42510228 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 47601673 | 47797633 | 48081298 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 59429574 | 60051370 | 60818499 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 71420021 | 71610123 | 71774542 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 77954027 | 78757033 | 79776609 | T: lotus256 |
| 80732406 | 81045056 | 81902588 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 85089874 | 85225788 | 85399076 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 48414448? | 88545712? | 149912995? | T: ronald1024 |
| 96104979 | 96256028 | 96562523 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 106631765 | 107086644 | 107441023 | T: lotus128 |
| 109249298 | 109842415 | 110459720 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 109850180 | 110207963 | 110741694 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 70666227? | 116199126? | 174191308? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 117460533 | 117611229 | 117772641 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 78446221? | 125064087? | 172569062? | T: rsa2048 |
| 184649444 | 185119251 | 186033496 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 177191364? | 292815318? | 460122853? | T: ronald1536 |
| 278566369? | 501444538? | 769438544? | T: ronald2048 |
| 699226019? | 1317379505? | 2238923125? | T: ronald3072 |
| 1688330109? | 3254912368? | 6173245918? | T: ronald4096 |
| -103178875 | 3292572149 | 3390228849 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 19544 | 19587 | 19632 | T: C:4hfe |
| 21663 | 22338 | 23932 | T: rsa2048 |
| 23610 | 24614 | 26106 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 37107 | 39992 | 43639 | T: ronald1024 |
| 42643 | 42954 | 43294 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 44214 | 44712 | 45410 | T: C:mceliece |
| 46764 | 48154 | 50597 | T: ronald1536 |
| 48592 | 48856 | 49227 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 60042 | 63768 | 66880 | T: ronald2048 |
| 69169 | 69515 | 70283 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 84694 | 85036 | 85547 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 98420 | 98951 | 99815 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 100334 | 102987 | 106185 | T: ronald3072 |
| 112341 | 112690 | 113250 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 135136 | 135838 | 136648 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 162643 | 168419 | 174051 | T: ronald4096 |
| 181014 | 182389 | 185049 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 194835 | 195420 | 196117 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 251762 | 254301 | 258636 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 290448 | 291192 | 293015 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 304027 | 314198 | 318799 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 389588 | 390803 | 392695 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 538572 | 540199 | 542252 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 599680 | 601027 | 602452 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 628470 | 629013 | 629972 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 632144 | 633641 | 636135 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 670430 | 677091 | 679530 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 702452 | 703229 | 705744 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 739204 | 742740 | 743528 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 762833 | 766893 | 767971 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 788035 | 789374 | 791070 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 831195 | 832859 | 835932 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 836580 | 843677 | 858949 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 897159 | 903511 | 912533 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 976278 | 987329 | 994972 | T: lotus192 |
| 1042032 | 1043505 | 1045446 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1063544 | 1066324 | 1079418 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1199811 | 1201786 | 1204086 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1247961 | 1250907 | 1253830 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1360387 | 1364613 | 1366440 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1428781 | 1430865 | 1433261 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1535820 | 1547840 | 1571603 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1551772 | 1555337 | 1559595 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1581299 | 1590780 | 1599297 | T: lotus256 |
| 1669748 | 1673441 | 1676817 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1793385 | 1795553 | 1798782 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1852959 | 1853650 | 1857556 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2003579 | 2005010 | 2010211 | T: lotus128 |
| 2138039 | 2145636 | 2152595 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2210287 | 2218846 | 2246707 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2226654 | 2232479 | 2259647 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2442758 | 2456177 | 2467333 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2792984 | 2825295 | 2843382 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2835871 | 2840911 | 2844178 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 3061958 | 3069143 | 3119894 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3284408 | 3300325 | 3310358 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 3399143 | 3406071 | 3409459 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 18471534 | 18499259 | 18536344 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 48060 | 48344 | 48732 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 53337 | 53746 | 54251 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 77081 | 77379 | 77762 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 99744 | 100184 | 101952 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 112642 | 117746 | 118972 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 154510 | 155480 | 159334 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 178597 | 179984 | 183039 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 236263 | 242561 | 248896 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 271614 | 273250 | 276946 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 342329 | 346251 | 349617 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 437823 | 449680 | 452713 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 895722 | 897768 | 899097 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 883658 | 899544 | 948662 | T: ronald1024 |
| 901749 | 910995 | 917528 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 917320 | 947353 | 961783 | T: C:mceliece |
| 1224262 | 1238845 | 1253000 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1310036 | 1321253 | 1332954 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1362644 | 1385135 | 1400372 | T: lotus192 |
| 1514968 | 1517836 | 1636874 | T: C:4hfe |
| 1549473 | 1555514 | 1562238 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1622319 | 1631783 | 1642155 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1753422 | 1759046 | 1767150 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1817972 | 1825930 | 1832068 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1955488 | 1963918 | 1974074 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2084850 | 2092786 | 2101316 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2161468 | 2162950 | 2167528 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2263107 | 2267063 | 2272621 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2267463 | 2274604 | 2281918 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2294794 | 2298761 | 2307078 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2309362 | 2321940 | 2330157 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2364576 | 2375975 | 2386807 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2380166 | 2393776 | 2404978 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2373668 | 2401532 | 2424316 | T: lotus256 |
| 2542901 | 2549940 | 2554991 | T: lotus128 |
| 2591805 | 2599026 | 2637989 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2614659 | 2618838 | 2622865 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2805621 | 2978879 | 2983246 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3153908 | 3163558 | 3172096 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3237678 | 3386457 | 3585721 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3432904 | 3466731 | 3528249 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3474948 | 3508015 | 3654584 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3726262 | 3939117 | 4041036 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 6987796 | 6998946 | 7094752 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 7047682 | 7055020 | 7237733 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7055837 | 7122220 | 7218193 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 8795426 | 8832176 | 9066513 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9097789 | 9112993 | 9172366 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 10573809 | 10622147 | 10643326 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 11110299 | 11176110 | 11229039 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 11703489 | 11782342 | 11824052 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 14571637 | 14595203 | 14622590 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 16292358 | 16335038 | 16453697 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 18593656 | 18667014 | 19296330 | T: ronald4096 |
| 19604862 | 19636509 | 19810818 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 21568928 | 21654268 | 21874048 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 22124888 | 22178445 | 22225141 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 23413408 | 23428567 | 23548127 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 112025508 | 112081557 | 112125793 | T: pqrsa15 |
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