Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Skylake (506e3); 2015 Intel Xeon E3-1220 v5; 4 x 3000MHz; samba, supercop-20251222
[Page version: 20260221 06:44:50]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
old
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 57258 | 57914 | 58654 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 71161 | 72208 | 72897 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 97379 | 97884 | 98820 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 100921 | 101673 | 102629 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 119686 | 120537 | 121536 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 185462 | 187816 | 189879 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 437512 | 440430 | 443075 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 454782 | 456237 | 457937 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 707439 | 712156 | 714296 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 853016 | 856921 | 861736 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1008492 | 1011718 | 1015195 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1320237 | 1323430 | 1327164 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1807993 | 1816478 | 1823921 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 2484379 | 2496827 | 2506325 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3252117 | 3272772 | 3334090 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3613029 | 3627554 | 3632024 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 3831157? | 3841369? | 4827689? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 4089013? | 4096545? | 5482624? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5647940 | 5655034 | 6301188 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5853707? | 5863172? | 8253422? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7043316 | 7103918 | 7110528 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7794902 | 7806825 | 7841281 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9267814 | 9294756 | 9303122 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 9632179 | 9662082 | 9674245 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9852160 | 9872460 | 10663233 | T: lotus128 |
| 11150193 | 11190922 | 11266196 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11464871 | 11480186 | 12658756 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 11975617 | 12004143 | 12008721 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 14002556? | 14014834? | 19014469? | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18180483 | 18227854 | 18298495 | T: lotus192 |
| 18455118 | 18597580 | 21376818 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 18777710 | 18787508 | 20294618 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 21909948 | 22030272 | 22123154 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 26568588 | 26615576 | 26669400 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 29472997 | 31238583 | 33314541 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 30486412 | 31379340 | 33545018 | T: C:mceliece |
| 31456200 | 31852858 | 32187624 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 35466014 | 35682179 | 36213811 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 33944769 | 36118236 | 36221118 | T: lotus256 |
| 30545046? | 45095999? | 63491541? | T: ronald1024 |
| 45410946 | 45526741 | 46280885 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 51014271 | 51397035 | 52069247 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 61062747 | 61156362 | 61276962 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 67600173 | 67920338 | 68433543 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 77100831 | 77210913 | 77501007 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 57495268? | 80926641? | 140000905? | T: rsa2048 |
| 82040491 | 82229641 | 82535625 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 91480571 | 91702234 | 92284605 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 96244315 | 96651225 | 97316279 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 59907770? | 97112080? | 165548606? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 104954791 | 105040373 | 105166280 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 154459843 | 155021789 | 155562745 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 194332944? | 268162606? | 384442334? | T: ronald1536 |
| 254685018? | 403648928? | 627888124? | T: ronald2048 |
| 1018092068? | 1582069623? | 2620389775? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3145837817 | 3223359007 | 3317840297 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2681004189? | 4581667198? | 6195231284? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 21952 | 22732 | 23570 | T: rsa2048 |
| 22376 | 23335 | 25073 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 33875 | 34646 | 35607 | T: ronald1024 |
| 39692 | 39927 | 40219 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 43667 | 45706 | 46698 | T: ronald1536 |
| 46983 | 47291 | 47677 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 51631 | 52172 | 52653 | T: C:mceliece |
| 58426 | 60764 | 61468 | T: ronald2048 |
| 67864 | 68171 | 68499 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 87292 | 87679 | 88144 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 95993 | 97601 | 100237 | T: ronald3072 |
| 106382 | 106894 | 107564 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 109955 | 110587 | 111273 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 143219 | 144003 | 144743 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 147217 | 148602 | 151023 | T: ronald4096 |
| 146584 | 160246 | 162450 | T: lotus128 |
| 182876 | 183874 | 184874 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 195610 | 196524 | 197439 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 220356 | 221068 | 224928 | T: lotus192 |
| 241006 | 242076 | 243017 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 283116 | 283804 | 284572 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 282960 | 284982 | 344884 | T: lotus256 |
| 314672 | 317612 | 318898 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 380908 | 381570 | 382485 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 466680 | 467571 | 468604 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 549428 | 550417 | 552699 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 568298 | 568856 | 569723 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 572702 | 577074 | 583862 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 658692 | 660486 | 662009 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 667450 | 668138 | 669058 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 686933 | 690454 | 706298 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 707764 | 709359 | 711172 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 738214 | 739230 | 741448 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 790247 | 791880 | 793937 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 858402 | 862553 | 865046 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 872607 | 890285 | 899544 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 913929 | 914759 | 916949 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 1048014 | 1061711 | 1069813 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1150192 | 1151146 | 1151753 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1185878 | 1187917 | 1192551 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1225869 | 1229452 | 1231102 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1394942 | 1397949 | 1400541 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1511678 | 1512517 | 1515852 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1523749 | 1525436 | 1529508 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1563128 | 1567381 | 1582330 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1621315 | 1624620 | 1642722 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1787194 | 1790180 | 1792954 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1943831 | 1944836 | 1945935 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2314747 | 2319582 | 2327943 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2341814 | 2344152 | 2361630 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2419648 | 2435187 | 2447832 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2612202 | 2625648 | 2745244 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2949202 | 2957154 | 2959448 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 3026762 | 3031142 | 3041219 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3405134 | 3412012 | 3414682 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3442845 | 3444386 | 3462223 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17406670 | 17422921 | 17435248 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 45029 | 45255 | 45499 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 50551 | 50843 | 51837 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 76310 | 76563 | 76884 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 98032 | 99502 | 102321 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 109812 | 111944 | 113996 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 139799 | 142023 | 143499 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 168651 | 169749 | 172237 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 169905 | 170388 | 201571 | T: lotus128 |
| 216801 | 219156 | 226808 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 240697 | 241527 | 244654 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 258600 | 259098 | 263626 | T: lotus192 |
| 301100 | 304170 | 307956 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 352686 | 354160 | 385242 | T: lotus256 |
| 429136 | 433338 | 438790 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 745017 | 745855 | 746761 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 787348 | 834017 | 852094 | T: C:mceliece |
| 904250 | 914541 | 922617 | T: ronald1024 |
| 920693 | 923425 | 926353 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1211456 | 1217718 | 1224369 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1216126 | 1227275 | 1255835 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1457192 | 1461955 | 1466614 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1496957 | 1502249 | 1509489 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1718197 | 1722979 | 1728108 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1743931 | 1750762 | 1765381 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1767859 | 1769404 | 1779770 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1814976 | 1821473 | 1828387 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2018636 | 2023285 | 2029463 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2036494 | 2049145 | 2072191 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2085232 | 2092544 | 2099826 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2094834 | 2095916 | 2096972 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2120542 | 2137953 | 2172693 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2158665 | 2162647 | 2166150 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2296555 | 2303386 | 2314840 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2364612 | 2379551 | 2472910 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2362488 | 2380352 | 2449008 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2476052 | 2479513 | 2554014 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2779069 | 2784454 | 2787548 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 2868388 | 2902941 | 2909829 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 2990845 | 3057837 | 3104837 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3308755 | 3320899 | 3430160 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3464851 | 3481365 | 3501230 | T: ronald2048 |
| 5278731 | 5344235 | 5373676 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 5670777 | 5696270 | 5722625 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 5965223 | 5977230 | 5998690 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 6932990 | 6979449 | 7145584 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8441271 | 8463814 | 8589548 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 8701196 | 8719333 | 8757845 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9349644 | 9376178 | 9405569 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 9337896 | 9463243 | 10077570 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 11377202 | 11473926 | 11552467 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 12100557 | 12134843 | 12244877 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 14864102 | 14959020 | 15347572 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 16850717 | 16869368 | 16906200 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 16903265 | 16988249 | 17435897 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 17810245 | 17868680 | 18427318 | T: ronald4096 |
| 18050638 | 18128588 | 18253043 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 106979285 | 107023825 | 107051978 | T: pqrsa15 |
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