Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Bulldozer (600f20); 2012 AMD FX-8350; 4 x 4000MHz; saber214, supercop-20251222
[Page version: 20260221 06:44:50]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 93214 | 93957 | 95048 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 123784 | 125475 | 135760 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 189598 | 190804 | 193278 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 220177 | 221478 | 223958 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 248967 | 264322 | 267740 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 386172 | 388976 | 412368 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 499453 | 503562 | 507616 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 576538 | 580325 | 584253 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 1238451 | 1246129 | 1253402 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1878765 | 1902412 | 1950973 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 12489028 | 12500012 | 12513525 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 21797070 | 21937540 | 22039470 | T: lotus128 |
| 24102019 | 24115591 | 24141209 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 40109896 | 40130992 | 40164971 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 41031082 | 41195684 | 41345769 | T: lotus192 |
| 47308504 | 47473290 | 47646958 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 47394631 | 49308475 | 52806224 | T: C:mceliece |
| 54675534 | 54915526 | 55115610 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 64799564 | 65141826 | 65776142 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 80562991 | 80694267 | 81168682 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 83408829 | 83438580 | 83477686 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 91276838 | 91406758 | 91954250 | T: lotus256 |
| 91598361 | 92335678 | 93472008 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 103197431 | 103333035 | 103710225 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 105267948 | 105426104 | 105572934 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 117602761 | 117707627 | 120554173 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 117853455 | 118386546 | 118949019 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 130501445 | 130661819 | 130904679 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 135188242 | 136918531 | 139062340 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 138707425 | 138922546 | 139166909 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 159589999 | 160110922 | 160918325 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 162476669 | 163097339 | 164092177 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 94031710? | 164495869? | 212236567? | T: ronald1024 |
| 180363581 | 180692267 | 181153313 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 225507646 | 225587996 | 225702144 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 145180930? | 238191511? | 334377060? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 241780044 | 241889820 | 247468259 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 158755824? | 252749387? | 391631293? | T: rsa2048 |
| 272522654 | 273025560 | 274265394 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 293464697 | 293591234 | 294577856 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 314069471 | 314288198 | 320323137 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 315925300 | 315991236 | 316045798 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 388310134 | 388546806 | 388893189 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 390348270 | 390438068 | 390572639 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 400920845 | 401050854 | 401201652 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 403166129 | 403214155 | 403270466 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 379520821? | 599229386? | 851925053? | T: ronald1536 |
| 687758549 | 687914157 | 688105415 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 800262518 | 800789743 | 801497077 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 890208372 | 890645455 | 892678360 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 949302598 | 949871052 | 955736814 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 974092026 | 976479328 | 977342881 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 1243634745? | 1929930969? | 2557001742? | T: ronald2048 |
| 2040994784 | 2044470314 | 2048085208 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3968410751? | 6251764913? | 10098146031? | T: ronald3072 |
| 6395857700 | 6594146812 | 6728086082 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 8258635261? | 12251018852? | 18814717028? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 43296 | 44303 | 45471 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 43669 | 44341 | 45615 | T: rsa2048 |
| 54002 | 54671 | 55576 | T: C:mceliece |
| 61693 | 62224 | 62538 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 63677 | 64372 | 69633 | T: ronald1024 |
| 69748 | 70222 | 70654 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 86042 | 93228 | 98601 | T: ronald1536 |
| 98593 | 99140 | 99567 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 113441 | 120914 | 125397 | T: ronald2048 |
| 130428 | 131765 | 133460 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 174150 | 178079 | 179086 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 187819 | 188493 | 189845 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 197389 | 204329 | 213570 | T: ronald3072 |
| 245428 | 246658 | 247960 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 313454 | 318536 | 328623 | T: ronald4096 |
| 352825 | 364126 | 367344 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 387217 | 390085 | 393849 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 400330 | 401417 | 401932 | T: lotus128 |
| 458424 | 460701 | 463169 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 516629 | 526455 | 552534 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 584982 | 589107 | 634737 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 619456 | 620738 | 622272 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 619293 | 620869 | 622433 | T: lotus192 |
| 758013 | 759006 | 761044 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 893802 | 897593 | 900828 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 919808 | 921376 | 924131 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 918127 | 931647 | 942892 | T: lotus256 |
| 975871 | 979663 | 983880 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1086175 | 1087957 | 1090929 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 1204265 | 1206016 | 1210025 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1465940 | 1467859 | 1470528 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1757366 | 1767042 | 1772952 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1955590 | 1962700 | 1965254 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2544219 | 2560828 | 2566907 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 6270831 | 6286252 | 6304258 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 10184319 | 10204462 | 10210115 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 11840718 | 11857978 | 11871742 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 12435388 | 12451101 | 12459432 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 13464803 | 13489520 | 13684440 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 14476183 | 14485704 | 14499452 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 14637361 | 14645492 | 14655597 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 17530852 | 17540474 | 17551942 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 19805989 | 19821981 | 19842939 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 20695879 | 20721425 | 20746576 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 29050563 | 29062657 | 29081178 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 35476817 | 35496347 | 35514405 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 36499587 | 36551021 | 36662228 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 37349145 | 37366854 | 37397090 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 39345116 | 39374949 | 39420899 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 41613187 | 41638650 | 41903713 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 50503348 | 50520241 | 50546161 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 50851571 | 50882608 | 50919852 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 59422672 | 59467580 | 59527334 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 65267690 | 65303750 | 65339652 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 90285513 | 90322619 | 90373176 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 93916829 | 93957791 | 94070641 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 106366894 | 106410246 | 106475886 | T: ledapkc54sl |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 77922 | 78381 | 79214 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 87182 | 88219 | 89491 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 134037 | 134504 | 135241 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 177069 | 177619 | 201140 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 232249 | 239451 | 243709 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 303726 | 307823 | 309118 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 350576 | 365815 | 368794 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 460184 | 477274 | 483363 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 472153 | 480610 | 482531 | T: lotus128 |
| 552532 | 560167 | 562252 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 738694 | 760850 | 772417 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 764441 | 773243 | 794307 | T: lotus192 |
| 797976 | 801331 | 842713 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 997183 | 1010153 | 1028105 | T: C:mceliece |
| 1213242 | 1225006 | 1237760 | T: lotus256 |
| 1392134 | 1403554 | 1415340 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1741849 | 1754728 | 1769442 | T: ronald1024 |
| 1877169 | 1892444 | 1914965 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1913528 | 1928279 | 1951830 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 2281543 | 2299295 | 2323810 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 2326820 | 2342202 | 2365938 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 2701848 | 2721266 | 2740990 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 2749789 | 2777141 | 2795432 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 2768517 | 2785730 | 2808621 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 3292587 | 3315071 | 3344789 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 3328668 | 3350551 | 3371508 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 3532139 | 3553025 | 3567120 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 4733663 | 4774991 | 4831794 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 4789349 | 4809553 | 4835630 | T: ronald1536 |
| 5126010 | 5147953 | 5156555 | T: rsa2048 |
| 5141456 | 5153523 | 5165117 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 8341401 | 8369000 | 8390531 | T: ronald2048 |
| 10041987 | 10352203 | 10373153 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 10469885 | 10497458 | 10505066 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 10461436 | 10647022 | 11036196 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 11189004 | 11444194 | 11698361 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 13261460 | 13377263 | 13461808 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 14533239 | 14957206 | 15404854 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 14896107 | 15188386 | 15423579 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 20752904 | 20771194 | 20807256 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 21142206 | 21174310 | 21241689 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 23571256 | 23632602 | 23738545 | T: ronald3072 |
| 27330766 | 27784646 | 28959949 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 27744550 | 27941211 | 28120588 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 33724006 | 34269586 | 34544741 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 32626974 | 34665868 | 34698842 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 38432670 | 38447364 | 38460629 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 41138699 | 42636491 | 43023836 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 41523306 | 43086001 | 43595933 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 50417895 | 50511226 | 50576260 | T: ronald4096 |
| 53179292 | 53225778 | 53322139 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 65928483 | 65950785 | 65986335 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 81708374 | 81741546 | 82168283 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 84865609 | 84897047 | 84921189 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 85074277 | 85297323 | 85731818 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 102900950 | 103095052 | 103298922 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 254728540 | 254919455 | 255137373 | T: pqrsa15 |
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