Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Zen 2 (830f10); 2019 AMD EPYC 7742; 64 x 2250MHz; rome0, supercop-20260217
[Page version: 20260221 06:44:50]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 52729 | 53272 | 53728 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 68814 | 69658 | 70496 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 99910 | 100918 | 102342 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 101327 | 102056 | 103070 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 122246 | 123427 | 124577 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 171052 | 172354 | 174217 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 444651 | 449786 | 454769 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 478499 | 480357 | 487362 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 502875 | 505191 | 508401 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 859430 | 863145 | 867905 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1174250 | 1178090 | 1182317 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1267502 | 1272971 | 1278978 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1476695 | 1481003 | 1485385 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1646259 | 1649938 | 1654282 | T: C:3hfe |
| 2804120 | 2825467 | 2842694 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3365950 | 3371896 | 3388830 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3712134 | 3714862 | 3761009 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4379491? | 4411857? | 5956913? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5120287 | 5131479 | 5145083 | T: C:4hfe |
| 4236894? | 5254395? | 6699188? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5829275 | 5843398 | 6525118 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 6105745? | 6214035? | 9180647? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7192299 | 7204720 | 7210893 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 8262284 | 8304401 | 8404069 | T: lotus128 |
| 8393518 | 8417172 | 8423679 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9476208? | 9542513? | 12141971? | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 9690936 | 9712004 | 10110432 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 11271198 | 11287714 | 11323423 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11501339 | 11528407 | 11557870 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 11872914 | 12015439 | 13727923 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 14744395 | 14872825 | 16385978 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17668815 | 17917798 | 19762168 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 18270253 | 18355678 | 21636803 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 19755490 | 20130421 | 20358822 | T: lotus192 |
| 23764268 | 23819021 | 23882298 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 24992285 | 25529892 | 26907064 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 26314653 | 26351099 | 27061696 | T: lotus256 |
| 27819483 | 29125296 | 32215819 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 29487713 | 30104011 | 31667207 | T: C:mceliece |
| 31795782 | 32130130 | 32573243 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 40608226 | 40686758 | 40812864 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 43130305 | 43311975 | 43465284 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 45510217 | 45888296 | 46720699 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 35027114? | 52366278? | 75688241? | T: ronald1024 |
| 52799379 | 52876572 | 52991547 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 61997512 | 62381922 | 62773628 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 68586825 | 68674525 | 68828923 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 70959971 | 71079265 | 71206325 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 83551536 | 84498558 | 85100275 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 86183147 | 86427351 | 86928697 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 93546880 | 93683958 | 93900383 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 59150311? | 94254214? | 147595524? | T: rsa2048 |
| 59080110? | 100282512? | 162244545? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 138093699 | 138696037 | 139457468 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 198058127? | 274141865? | 397928586? | T: ronald1536 |
| 290758591? | 445937570? | 652213672? | T: ronald2048 |
| 971186889? | 1443529120? | 2385148614? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3095522883 | 3172585517 | 3256915647 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2444646194? | 3860457117? | 6080848976? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 3888 | 3901 | 3924 | T: C:3hfe |
| 9010 | 9025 | 9049 | T: C:4hfe |
| 17320 | 17815 | 18857 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 17514 | 17994 | 19271 | T: rsa2048 |
| 38267 | 38512 | 38742 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 40790 | 41277 | 43896 | T: ronald1024 |
| 42706 | 42946 | 43247 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 45866 | 46456 | 46997 | T: C:mceliece |
| 50556 | 51481 | 54183 | T: ronald1536 |
| 62156 | 62524 | 62839 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 63495 | 65031 | 67581 | T: ronald2048 |
| 78891 | 79362 | 79895 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 97436 | 97933 | 98575 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 98551 | 102203 | 105191 | T: ronald3072 |
| 108101 | 108467 | 108869 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 130681 | 131192 | 131890 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 148861 | 151326 | 154854 | T: ronald4096 |
| 132168 | 152125 | 156464 | T: lotus128 |
| 172383 | 173389 | 174306 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 188308 | 189147 | 190210 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 216869 | 217441 | 218001 | T: lotus192 |
| 229928 | 230924 | 232003 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 271598 | 273004 | 274684 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 277260 | 278402 | 279434 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 311882 | 312584 | 313281 | T: lotus256 |
| 365937 | 369075 | 370720 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 446071 | 447997 | 449189 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 526170 | 527587 | 529144 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 545028 | 546793 | 548013 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 562160 | 563218 | 564093 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 642422 | 644834 | 645881 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 681846 | 683145 | 686006 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 689745 | 692048 | 694325 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 848746 | 851783 | 855850 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 811468 | 892059 | 956417 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 860034 | 901367 | 928749 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 822421 | 924105 | 931435 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 908219 | 942754 | 956730 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 1012723 | 1014581 | 1015734 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 955782 | 1021435 | 1030022 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 1134956 | 1137662 | 1145733 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1077922 | 1140466 | 1152707 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1316483 | 1430094 | 1437810 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1458747 | 1464564 | 1471213 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1532083 | 1535702 | 1539604 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1598285 | 1600677 | 1721836 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1544292 | 1611320 | 1613504 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1687888 | 1693341 | 1765365 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1903914 | 1907848 | 1912398 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2014373 | 2027876 | 2147178 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2077617 | 2098295 | 2117890 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2290680 | 2294016 | 2574915 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2295113 | 2366841 | 2424660 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2459341 | 2598728 | 2650858 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2833419 | 2873077 | 2904760 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 3082614 | 3127514 | 3415622 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3279738 | 3332248 | 3467530 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 3306929 | 3516262 | 3669816 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 16498848 | 16520768 | 16551050 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 42309 | 42435 | 42594 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 47109 | 47334 | 47541 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 69496 | 69722 | 69941 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 87931 | 88125 | 97582 | T: C:3hfe |
| 91012 | 91286 | 92220 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 108252 | 108492 | 108737 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 145334 | 146190 | 150770 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 153853 | 154960 | 156040 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 151302 | 169906 | 176537 | T: lotus128 |
| 207237 | 207570 | 208834 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 230546 | 231937 | 235050 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 266467 | 266933 | 267560 | T: lotus192 |
| 295571 | 296401 | 297502 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 360082 | 360777 | 361749 | T: lotus256 |
| 385587 | 386052 | 387062 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 776849 | 778722 | 780550 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 787394 | 792223 | 797624 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 795009 | 824942 | 826163 | T: C:mceliece |
| 858331 | 867503 | 877238 | T: ronald1024 |
| 998379 | 1033430 | 1048366 | T: C:4hfe |
| 1080161 | 1087960 | 1094714 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1083403 | 1088064 | 1094968 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1284287 | 1292018 | 1297775 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1355875 | 1362768 | 1370655 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1532091 | 1537147 | 1543862 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1556703 | 1559688 | 1564611 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1596907 | 1606210 | 1645961 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1831548 | 1842206 | 1855244 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 1884501 | 1892702 | 1902079 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1966101 | 1967811 | 1970189 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 1969074 | 1979062 | 1982816 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2026227 | 2029430 | 2034407 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2063387 | 2066338 | 2069402 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2076221 | 2081525 | 2087287 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2274246 | 2287590 | 2298876 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2303605 | 2305448 | 2308081 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2390587 | 2394587 | 2398800 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2433218 | 2436354 | 2471007 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2658085 | 2678713 | 2841102 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 2684432 | 2691795 | 2703434 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 2798680 | 2813552 | 2827678 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3218486 | 3233696 | 3248996 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3424989 | 3444603 | 3462780 | T: ronald2048 |
| 5294657 | 5320822 | 5345666 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 5346777 | 5354720 | 5370090 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 5439779 | 5505169 | 5582456 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 6460818 | 6526940 | 6549388 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8101238 | 8142476 | 8173842 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 8711268 | 8731941 | 8760019 | T: ronald3072 |
| 8992520 | 9025225 | 9070467 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 10800638 | 10856950 | 10903626 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 11040541 | 11057384 | 11127758 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 12179117 | 12209326 | 12244355 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 13805111 | 13831676 | 13845073 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 14885453 | 15026456 | 15331220 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 16269343 | 16442164 | 16530928 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 16950651 | 17074828 | 17187541 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17971138 | 18013657 | 18059227 | T: ronald4096 |
| 108487456 | 108579874 | 108643893 | T: pqrsa15 |
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