Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Zen 2 (860f01); 2022 AMD Ryzen 5 4500U; 6 x 3600MHz; renoir, supercop-20260831
[Page version: 20260905 10:39:45]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 52597 | 53161 | 53775 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 68936 | 69636 | 70348 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 99238 | 100036 | 101118 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 101159 | 102027 | 102973 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 122692 | 123548 | 124725 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 170935 | 171996 | 173166 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 441076 | 444759 | 448292 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 481005 | 482547 | 484356 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 501032 | 503200 | 505419 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 858743 | 862638 | 866274 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1177953 | 1182414 | 1186603 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1266893 | 1270742 | 1275075 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1479819 | 1483396 | 1486618 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2754402 | 2790835 | 2935866 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3378939 | 3381189 | 3442628 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3492941 | 3503177 | 3517358 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4341603? | 4350838? | 5685341? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 4158701? | 4769020? | 6270422? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5640036 | 5675741 | 6001196 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5994748? | 6191749? | 9199738? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7109156 | 7118072 | 7125982 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 8238348 | 8270664 | 8518641 | T: lotus128 |
| 8337946 | 8342726 | 8765926 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9374581 | 9394687 | 11193160 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 9631782 | 9646847 | 10585730 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 11183212 | 11246906 | 11288445 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11448382 | 11486163 | 11944079 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 12247504 | 12333496 | 13429597 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 14766722 | 14848651 | 15457329 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17183744 | 17215567 | 17236590 | T: lotus192 |
| 17676771 | 18000721 | 19877333 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 18163199 | 18263641 | 20682115 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 23766455 | 23818374 | 23883084 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 26991791 | 27147733 | 27994079 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 27483447 | 27507762 | 27533573 | T: lotus256 |
| 27788531 | 28723251 | 31257172 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 29653957 | 30389038 | 31643097 | T: C:mceliece |
| 31831974 | 32123964 | 32662849 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 40624784 | 40701054 | 40805085 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 42564509 | 42736969 | 42857941 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 45573386 | 46161013 | 47224571 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 52790328 | 52912112 | 53009737 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 38927427? | 55296660? | 79045352? | T: ronald1024 |
| 62017475 | 62313529 | 62781242 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 68582284 | 68675860 | 68779953 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 70902555 | 71057560 | 71217306 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 47296932? | 75554841? | 123987041? | T: rsa2048 |
| 83286708 | 84169479 | 84892814 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 85582489 | 85882513 | 86385695 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 48990095? | 86575509? | 137238048? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 93553894 | 93676612 | 93856419 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 137875221 | 138384101 | 139112856 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 144806155? | 223147903? | 332607210? | T: ronald1536 |
| 284867586? | 389854278? | 557025656? | T: ronald2048 |
| 1189714056? | 1787410686? | 2439532976? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3108979334 | 3177457029 | 3237356890 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2834794852? | 4247703618? | 5819493488? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 17831 | 18168 | 19152 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 18162 | 18671 | 19728 | T: rsa2048 |
| 38310 | 38564 | 38908 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 40327 | 40828 | 42768 | T: ronald1024 |
| 42558 | 42820 | 43097 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 45760 | 46476 | 47200 | T: C:mceliece |
| 49299 | 50055 | 52970 | T: ronald1536 |
| 62272 | 62549 | 62855 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 62614 | 64000 | 67188 | T: ronald2048 |
| 79052 | 79438 | 79859 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 97264 | 98065 | 98553 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 99559 | 102442 | 105843 | T: ronald3072 |
| 108381 | 108759 | 109158 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 126464? | 127712? | 158231? | T: lotus128 |
| 130016 | 130541 | 131240 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 148251 | 150932 | 153762 | T: ronald4096 |
| 170809 | 171778 | 172762 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 185882 | 186731 | 187567 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 225646 | 226182 | 226762 | T: lotus192 |
| 229057 | 229837 | 230780 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 253870 | 256591 | 303419 | T: lotus256 |
| 273339 | 274084 | 274875 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 278069 | 279533 | 281107 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 365284 | 367324 | 369756 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 448021 | 448993 | 450206 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 524364 | 528174 | 529195 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 543042 | 544621 | 545448 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 560499 | 563616 | 567807 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 597014 | 599147 | 600923 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 640872 | 642223 | 643976 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 681436 | 682784 | 684743 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 694064 | 695901 | 697630 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 729757 | 732301 | 759289 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 731546 | 734133 | 761944 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 776627 | 777992 | 778606 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 844066 | 849945 | 851064 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 869993 | 873120 | 882983 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 999852 | 1001192 | 1018501 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1010928 | 1016096 | 1017821 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1133060 | 1137723 | 1138672 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1163484 | 1166527 | 1169277 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1385614 | 1386879 | 1388669 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1418812 | 1420718 | 1423326 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1459693 | 1468499 | 1470167 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1474072 | 1477884 | 1485252 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1533204 | 1536491 | 1541541 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1808056 | 1812626 | 1815466 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 1906373 | 1910797 | 1914154 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2070124 | 2073105 | 2078863 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2076378 | 2079550 | 2082538 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2075299 | 2094841 | 2125284 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2237073 | 2239665 | 2242234 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2626827 | 2629329 | 2634283 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2783284 | 2786617 | 2789384 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3126330 | 3129624 | 3202575 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3139558 | 3141399 | 3144935 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 16492781 | 16505012 | 16519468 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 42365 | 42451 | 42527 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 46606 | 46755 | 46872 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 68967 | 69326 | 69482 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 90982 | 91334 | 92028 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 106949 | 107371 | 107859 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 148697 | 149461 | 157250 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 149140 | 150508 | 171247 | T: lotus128 |
| 155242 | 156113 | 157239 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 206077 | 207431 | 209528 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 227492 | 228757 | 230458 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 273390 | 273770 | 274113 | T: lotus192 |
| 289846 | 291340 | 294166 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 318764 | 330424 | 364398 | T: lotus256 |
| 384353 | 385817 | 386468 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 778072 | 779217 | 780437 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 790709 | 793695 | 803842 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 790536 | 809471 | 817475 | T: C:mceliece |
| 852167 | 864841 | 871842 | T: ronald1024 |
| 1079707 | 1084049 | 1089720 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1083201 | 1087108 | 1092797 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1293840 | 1297155 | 1301402 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1346914 | 1351495 | 1358027 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1526541 | 1533536 | 1540622 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1548734 | 1554377 | 1560643 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1581078 | 1587343 | 1597616 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1831169 | 1838291 | 1853409 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 1900319 | 1906242 | 1912703 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1879023 | 1910938 | 1928626 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 1974284 | 1978319 | 1984538 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 1967751 | 1979913 | 1987396 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2029354 | 2032006 | 2035594 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2113487 | 2131392 | 2143494 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2265002 | 2281737 | 2295580 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2322147 | 2338275 | 2357418 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2394000 | 2397563 | 2404154 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2435054 | 2437604 | 2440799 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2614922 | 2637816 | 2657124 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 2658105 | 2682986 | 2719037 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 2787622 | 2818335 | 2871150 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3227296 | 3228880 | 3230317 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3405799 | 3426746 | 3448217 | T: ronald2048 |
| 5228032 | 5235944 | 5245541 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 5336788 | 5348188 | 5360956 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 5625977 | 5636776 | 5737337 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 6622247 | 6649447 | 6727558 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8086196 | 8117405 | 8125601 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 8688337 | 8720606 | 8749283 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9016311 | 9035781 | 9112978 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 10854523 | 10865386 | 10873965 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 11078752 | 11104586 | 11281072 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 12211530 | 12249168 | 12288238 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 13755502 | 13815796 | 13854746 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 14891760 | 14909349 | 14929481 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 16076047 | 16085602 | 16147061 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 16922371 | 16944005 | 17089364 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17918187 | 17959756 | 18011974 | T: ronald4096 |
| 108191612 | 108258653 | 108351062 | T: pqrsa15 |
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