Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Coffee Lake (906ea); 2018 Intel Xeon E-2124; 4 x 3300MHz; r24000, supercop-20251222
[Page version: 20260221 06:44:50]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 57639 | 58342 | 59242 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 71238 | 71954 | 72638 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 97234 | 98033 | 98696 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 101413 | 102529 | 103840 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 125833 | 126435 | 127234 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 185483 | 188945 | 190588 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 438481 | 441016 | 443631 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 455036 | 456719 | 458387 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 721818 | 724243 | 726822 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 853990 | 857366 | 863380 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1011135 | 1012489 | 1014938 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1320653 | 1323406 | 1329325 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1843942 | 1847236 | 1855176 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 2445505 | 2450741 | 2457112 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3317900 | 3321867 | 3331396 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3476059 | 3478105 | 3480861 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 3797164? | 4090408? | 5750409? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 4753280? | 4758004? | 6294887? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5703819 | 5727173 | 6346042 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5786652? | 5795780? | 8163168? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7095646 | 7111764 | 7114403 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7956799 | 7965439 | 8144224 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9342823 | 9443060 | 9617001 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9441545 | 9462559 | 9485242 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 10748791 | 10767261 | 10832034 | T: lotus128 |
| 10731739 | 10823966 | 10871893 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11164112 | 12337085 | 12474542 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 12690056 | 12721503 | 12831157 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 14124728? | 14218031? | 18944632? | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18616643 | 18674852 | 18746036 | T: lotus192 |
| 18922489 | 18965070 | 21830619 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 19290150 | 19492806 | 20797555 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 22056827 | 22159370 | 22233030 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 27604210 | 28108306 | 28186886 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 29692331 | 30609096 | 31942262 | T: C:mceliece |
| 31421175 | 31710768 | 32265566 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 31819703 | 32630813 | 33955426 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 36578201 | 36839158 | 37372989 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 33675544 | 37410694 | 37791044 | T: lotus256 |
| 47654260 | 48071385 | 48174165 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 52307878 | 52783818 | 53604850 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 38893013? | 53715328? | 72175181? | T: ronald1024 |
| 62495359 | 62685719 | 63735721 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 70207831 | 70626625 | 71328942 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 78432558 | 78605988 | 79144408 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 84008336 | 85822010 | 86000626 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 99906789 | 100471995 | 101281761 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 101739340 | 102094223 | 102778104 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 66654057? | 104168231? | 158726615? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 106947731 | 107031718 | 107192553 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 78400098? | 120035147? | 190449694? | T: rsa2048 |
| 157586733 | 158096625 | 158735294 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 177169680? | 239596644? | 384497378? | T: ronald1536 |
| 262615438? | 426098454? | 552801198? | T: ronald2048 |
| 932684262? | 1488952522? | 1986709133? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3150426606 | 3249999460 | 3343786570 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2647202492? | 4123087892? | 6474399722? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 25840 | 26061 | 27188 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 25910 | 26610 | 28048 | T: rsa2048 |
| 35229 | 35506 | 37990 | T: ronald1024 |
| 39768 | 40018 | 40302 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 45891 | 46208 | 48584 | T: ronald1536 |
| 46862 | 47388 | 47851 | T: C:mceliece |
| 48206 | 48599 | 49117 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 58559 | 60852 | 61348 | T: ronald2048 |
| 67788 | 68126 | 68679 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 87591 | 87915 | 88300 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 96439 | 98524 | 100886 | T: ronald3072 |
| 109289 | 109571 | 110125 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 110883 | 111530 | 112301 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 145557 | 146135 | 146999 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 145882 | 146297 | 146865 | T: lotus128 |
| 148312 | 150909 | 154216 | T: ronald4096 |
| 184759 | 185645 | 186568 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 195683 | 196455 | 197147 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 220741 | 221986 | 222828 | T: lotus192 |
| 244838 | 245717 | 246744 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 283246 | 284471 | 324272 | T: lotus256 |
| 306617 | 309746 | 312412 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 315669 | 319514 | 321899 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 409804 | 416460 | 418022 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 505184 | 505941 | 507081 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 593402 | 594632 | 607259 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 603641 | 605098 | 606201 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 593696 | 609799 | 610560 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 613658 | 620239 | 626254 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 666228 | 667517 | 668786 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 704998 | 708287 | 717493 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 742278 | 744640 | 745696 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 754117 | 768940 | 770501 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 809253 | 810705 | 812630 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 896793 | 898014 | 905780 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 908738 | 910302 | 929745 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 934709 | 960676 | 964021 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1032553 | 1033538 | 1035217 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1101726 | 1102805 | 1103736 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1159410 | 1160473 | 1163298 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1283200 | 1285160 | 1296750 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1398318 | 1400353 | 1403596 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1437931 | 1439295 | 1442345 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1442707 | 1445343 | 1449684 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1550696 | 1551577 | 1552554 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1602760 | 1630682 | 1635320 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1786783 | 1788723 | 1791141 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1900391 | 1904336 | 1925352 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2094067 | 2096553 | 2101015 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2163365 | 2164973 | 2174569 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2551067 | 2553139 | 2554558 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2598213 | 2632601 | 2850160 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2886569 | 2887306 | 2888428 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2931315 | 2942451 | 2965857 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3214819 | 3227288 | 3262484 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3327350 | 3330284 | 3374361 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17639702 | 17646095 | 17660225 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 45273 | 45506 | 45781 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 51948 | 52277 | 53470 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 76599 | 76861 | 77367 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 99259 | 100731 | 102745 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 111287 | 111835 | 114317 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 139999 | 140953 | 142463 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 169568 | 171195 | 174055 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 183689 | 188582 | 190229 | T: lotus128 |
| 219842 | 221467 | 225958 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 239943 | 242074 | 244803 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 258874 | 259630 | 259959 | T: lotus192 |
| 314831 | 316619 | 319629 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 354318 | 358326 | 393769 | T: lotus256 |
| 432337 | 435478 | 440083 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 743750 | 745522 | 746345 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 852640 | 860261 | 863158 | T: C:mceliece |
| 915410 | 921996 | 934838 | T: ronald1024 |
| 929537 | 933881 | 939463 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1221872 | 1230689 | 1241803 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1243128 | 1248550 | 1262840 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1488227 | 1493577 | 1504466 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1515010 | 1520010 | 1525670 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1757507 | 1762469 | 1768997 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1766230 | 1774789 | 1777332 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1797809 | 1805197 | 1811938 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1818465 | 1824259 | 1830902 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2087300 | 2092077 | 2184562 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2122048 | 2127406 | 2133201 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2164429 | 2171886 | 2173841 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2108124 | 2198189 | 2200269 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2204301 | 2215842 | 2224824 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2221963 | 2223311 | 2247795 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2339177 | 2345251 | 2352842 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2362970 | 2372633 | 2388226 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2573478 | 2576407 | 2577488 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2786200 | 2788289 | 2802561 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3079762 | 3087798 | 3094736 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3164040 | 3167625 | 3172020 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3167018 | 3203192 | 3210536 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3486605 | 3501018 | 3518834 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3863075 | 3880262 | 3910699 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5900351 | 5922743 | 5949316 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 6594803 | 6624563 | 6661146 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 6642876 | 6664848 | 6763205 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7699424 | 7716500 | 7750843 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8757657 | 8799778 | 9011601 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9339764 | 9409811 | 9604168 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 9454811 | 9477712 | 9549069 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 10468869 | 10491174 | 10535912 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 12955068 | 12980776 | 13042382 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 14159637 | 14176046 | 14233030 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 16318449 | 16360515 | 16413427 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 17830118 | 17878680 | 18494245 | T: ronald4096 |
| 18728408 | 18956366 | 19053954 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 19411127 | 19440739 | 19600094 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 19805512 | 19870979 | 19902529 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 106876218 | 106924475 | 106980998 | T: pqrsa15 |
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