Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Ice Lake (706e5); 2020 Intel Core i3-1000NG4; 2 x 1100MHz; puddle, supercop-20261018
[Page version: 20261107 07:58:49]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 52526 | 53098 | 53782 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 62607 | 63324 | 64534 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 87102 | 88201 | 89851 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 94315 | 95534 | 96616 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 107098 | 108312 | 110306 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 159923 | 161468 | 163218 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 394404 | 397564 | 401001 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 410254 | 412259 | 414276 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 455432 | 458604 | 462714 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 760943 | 765507 | 769244 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 889358 | 914586 | 920067 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1112410 | 1118004 | 1124023 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1156735 | 1165210 | 1169801 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2515941 | 2526684 | 2539210 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3124924 | 3138764 | 3251311 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 3639716 | 3673168 | 3743308 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3959054? | 4251337? | 5894113? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3762498? | 4539333? | 6276676? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5012514 | 5043267 | 5672610 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5477015? | 5514609? | 7979113? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 6444620 | 6483543 | 6508928 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7291069 | 7309997 | 7327279 | T: lotus128 |
| 7456866 | 7471758 | 7677164 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 8301936 | 8332501 | 8625594 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 8761107 | 8791081 | 10292242 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 11307573 | 11327854 | 11352455 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 11735842 | 11751275 | 11778832 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 12772778 | 13187545 | 14601928 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 13641540 | 13680649 | 15181929 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 14782933 | 14817308 | 14847987 | T: lotus192 |
| 16231579 | 16302498 | 16342056 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 16474635? | 16611368? | 20744267? | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 17947295 | 18450874 | 20200593 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 24828527 | 24873758 | 24912648 | T: lotus256 |
| 28753831 | 28857597 | 29179122 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 29273742 | 29940757 | 31357519 | T: C:mceliece |
| 29361266 | 30941066 | 33407368 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 36015584 | 36075573 | 36157243 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 48099052 | 48414882 | 48828498 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 38891755? | 51049637? | 71707532? | T: ronald1024 |
| 61698933 | 61807500 | 61887317 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 68811205 | 69121373 | 69678455 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 81000015 | 81169062 | 81331211 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 90925914 | 91293722 | 91762375 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 60535367? | 99606552? | 152361958? | T: rsa2048 |
| 65153072? | 101397932? | 136854682? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 102911624 | 103034565 | 103182228 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 108994484 | 109161784 | 109454828 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 123228591 | 123568378 | 124180248 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 126615682 | 127050562 | 127459809 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 142433740 | 142632585 | 142790829 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 210269829 | 210871662 | 211709004 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 162955098? | 240939713? | 374789192? | T: ronald1536 |
| 293092442? | 432681274? | 680664430? | T: ronald2048 |
| 1019455766? | 1365033713? | 2223036218? | T: ronald3072 |
| 2730957022 | 2807991260 | 2880959971 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2764286044? | 4125534451? | 6098275280? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 17353 | 17755 | 18717 | T: rsa2048 |
| 17484 | 17862 | 18696 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 29646 | 30172 | 31134 | T: ronald1024 |
| 37161 | 37431 | 37756 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 40350 | 41013 | 42162 | T: ronald1536 |
| 41957 | 42400 | 42920 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 44862 | 45322 | 45936 | T: C:mceliece |
| 54943 | 56180 | 57627 | T: ronald2048 |
| 61276 | 61682 | 62215 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 77820 | 78292 | 79114 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 94532 | 95940 | 97305 | T: ronald3072 |
| 95513 | 96084 | 96709 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 98453 | 98995 | 100073 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 114523 | 115039 | 115770 | T: lotus128 |
| 122836 | 123888 | 125723 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 145420 | 147332 | 149389 | T: ronald4096 |
| 167032 | 167486 | 168678 | T: lotus192 |
| 167562 | 168849 | 170105 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 172042 | 173097 | 174634 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 210698 | 212125 | 213560 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 237750 | 238376 | 241188 | T: lotus256 |
| 269258 | 271071 | 273431 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 322180 | 324880 | 327854 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 439218 | 441919 | 444662 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 527289 | 531120 | 534316 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 547633 | 549924 | 552135 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 556653 | 559335 | 564924 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 647530 | 650743 | 654326 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 657889 | 658952 | 661172 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 658056 | 660680 | 664404 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 658371 | 661114 | 664961 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 673240 | 675583 | 678641 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 700643 | 703104 | 706947 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 717036 | 718319 | 720997 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 788740 | 794650 | 798232 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 867581 | 871249 | 874818 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 874904 | 877608 | 880349 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1026582 | 1030093 | 1033031 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1089926 | 1092480 | 1095702 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1185647 | 1187919 | 1190400 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1192668 | 1196475 | 1199542 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1272295 | 1275208 | 1279240 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1292328 | 1314585 | 1318083 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1378738 | 1384551 | 1393574 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1457105 | 1459747 | 1462965 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1514742 | 1519948 | 1523834 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 1537055 | 1543843 | 1588538 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1850912 | 1854115 | 1859168 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 1917547 | 1920966 | 1927267 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1930827 | 1934907 | 1940197 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2006891 | 2012752 | 2021684 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2301223 | 2306348 | 2311617 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2325281 | 2328568 | 2332502 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2621077 | 2631289 | 2645171 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 2731669 | 2735425 | 2742629 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 2732871 | 2761121 | 2775547 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 15701215 | 15735644 | 15779055 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 39889 | 40265 | 40718 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 44495 | 44928 | 45312 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 67361 | 67758 | 68511 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 89207 | 89569 | 90627 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 93760 | 94251 | 96156 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 117539 | 118609 | 121167 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 136525 | 139305 | 146606 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 150178 | 154529 | 159662 | T: lotus128 |
| 180752 | 184950 | 193862 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 193066 | 193384 | 194640 | T: lotus192 |
| 198340 | 201671 | 208879 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 247212 | 250707 | 259689 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 279807 | 280175 | 281711 | T: lotus256 |
| 338507 | 344878 | 353254 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 611804 | 612707 | 615369 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 825159 | 833566 | 843093 | T: ronald1024 |
| 825316 | 839281 | 844274 | T: C:mceliece |
| 856931 | 869658 | 894452 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1170775 | 1181914 | 1205445 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1213350 | 1226710 | 1256682 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1455393 | 1458337 | 1467323 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1472993 | 1485698 | 1505384 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1480812 | 1496164 | 1520240 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1784166 | 1796342 | 1822886 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1789627 | 1799859 | 1839950 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1823774 | 1838696 | 1858123 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1839780 | 1856905 | 1880869 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1891352 | 1897995 | 1904144 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 1917848 | 1921409 | 1926886 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 1920340 | 1923334 | 1981984 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2153274 | 2169871 | 2199288 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2163744 | 2172916 | 2183069 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2200680 | 2211562 | 2224398 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2213100 | 2226213 | 2244793 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2282470 | 2297093 | 2313940 | T: ronald2048 |
| 2395190 | 2405189 | 2415114 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2391543 | 2414789 | 2439263 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2458828 | 2481354 | 2498301 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 2695939 | 2716393 | 2774382 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3128771 | 3143355 | 3156429 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3248240 | 3276432 | 3308582 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 4905429 | 4926987 | 4946056 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 5009947 | 5020481 | 5027185 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 5271718 | 5300389 | 5329050 | T: ronald3072 |
| 5474174 | 5487274 | 5503851 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 6681761 | 6692952 | 6707890 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 7094800 | 7111872 | 7137710 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 7883601 | 7915562 | 7941171 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 7990234 | 8005600 | 8023404 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 9752713 | 9790707 | 9826112 | T: ronald4096 |
| 10815735 | 10854189 | 10901106 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 11378230 | 11391645 | 11405335 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 12243757 | 12303088 | 12440138 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 15175219 | 15187538 | 15207980 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 15911298 | 15930592 | 15958622 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 16783537 | 16815245 | 16935962 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 101560608 | 101616935 | 101689702 | T: pqrsa15 |
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