Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Kaby Lake (906e9); 2017 Intel Xeon E3-1220 v6; 4 x 3000MHz; kizomba, supercop-20260627
[Page version: 20260712 20:43:56]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
old
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 57581 | 58277 | 58949 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 71152 | 71809 | 73068 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 98045 | 98838 | 99836 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 101451 | 102181 | 103289 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 121103 | 121894 | 122862 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 184688 | 188207 | 190812 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 445672 | 449519 | 455359 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 456726 | 458950 | 460610 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 517472 | 521247 | 525704 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 868519 | 877907 | 889848 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1011336 | 1013640 | 1016970 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1270308 | 1280054 | 1292921 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1324192 | 1327615 | 1331184 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2439445 | 2445122 | 2470169 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3316722 | 3331257 | 3560489 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3496363 | 3500694 | 3554420 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 3847510? | 4791873? | 5857509? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 4872812? | 5345849? | 6528784? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5753790 | 5786660 | 6366981 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5839249? | 6191958? | 8327292? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7141050 | 7153147 | 7170650 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7957186 | 7974074 | 8310714 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9388277 | 9447225 | 9808365 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9486147 | 9520216 | 11689822 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 10428359 | 10443124 | 10990848 | T: lotus128 |
| 10814815 | 10852116 | 10966739 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11214095 | 11303199 | 12722783 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 12744269 | 12801923 | 12868358 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 14276300 | 14310238 | 16404183 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18617415 | 18637872 | 18666232 | T: lotus192 |
| 19315895 | 19904420 | 21585641 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 19099607 | 19995871 | 22571220 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 21909483 | 22022802 | 22114822 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 27750426 | 28063587 | 28170613 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 31452963 | 31612604 | 35742502 | T: lotus256 |
| 30798337 | 31937937 | 33692140 | T: C:mceliece |
| 31652354 | 32544365 | 34924616 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 32442764 | 32834847 | 33110889 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 38477566 | 38828904 | 39516422 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 31065543? | 46165175? | 67534862? | T: ronald1024 |
| 47019738 | 47099542 | 47238256 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 56071806 | 56680651 | 57574528 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 62497779 | 62627471 | 62789051 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 74026540 | 74450492 | 75204590 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 78546907 | 78656963 | 78846278 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 84817636 | 84955583 | 85150392 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 94709506 | 95117376 | 95858757 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 97537184 | 98031112 | 98703385 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 60278890? | 102413899? | 163355206? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 63375022? | 106336538? | 167268026? | T: rsa2048 |
| 107195389 | 107346033 | 107594947 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 158117552 | 158652216 | 159419716 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 176586577? | 228116390? | 315565822? | T: ronald1536 |
| 313994105? | 438412140? | 643121312? | T: ronald2048 |
| 940020350? | 1321821811? | 2005950362? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3183478324 | 3265518398 | 3345321723 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2756098378? | 4148682906? | 6256748053? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 21970 | 22582 | 23673 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 22953 | 23622 | 25069 | T: rsa2048 |
| 35028 | 35423 | 37473 | T: ronald1024 |
| 43032 | 43357 | 43691 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 45307 | 46163 | 48780 | T: ronald1536 |
| 49285 | 49546 | 49874 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 51083 | 51802 | 52576 | T: C:mceliece |
| 58173 | 60023 | 61926 | T: ronald2048 |
| 71082 | 71525 | 72002 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 88797 | 89153 | 89582 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 94363 | 96044 | 99228 | T: ronald3072 |
| 106801 | 107277 | 107810 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 110967 | 111608 | 112581 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 141424 | 144488 | 148281 | T: ronald4096 |
| 144485 | 145328 | 146433 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 153288 | 165598 | 166575 | T: lotus128 |
| 184667 | 185589 | 186689 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 197213 | 198244 | 199142 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 222110 | 222668 | 224939 | T: lotus192 |
| 242833 | 243839 | 245083 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 303844 | 306031 | 307590 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 316096 | 318582 | 321523 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 294045 | 329921 | 341144 | T: lotus256 |
| 406899 | 409459 | 414288 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 500236 | 509491 | 517884 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 602014 | 610911 | 617585 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 615820 | 616700 | 620105 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 622529 | 625114 | 630468 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 642368 | 650888 | 655859 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 682130 | 690086 | 714051 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 700769 | 706474 | 712154 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 751302 | 754719 | 759390 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 771548 | 773698 | 779455 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 820672 | 821797 | 827956 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 821332 | 823743 | 829167 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 915207 | 921447 | 934708 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 960506 | 969052 | 977810 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1042237 | 1044361 | 1051294 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1118011 | 1121285 | 1128888 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1119724 | 1146361 | 1159082 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1237043 | 1261805 | 1275035 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1396934 | 1400249 | 1403771 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1455874 | 1460421 | 1465532 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1467482 | 1473889 | 1482550 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1568038 | 1574292 | 1578209 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1600951 | 1628604 | 1642785 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1786344 | 1790884 | 1805340 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1917099 | 1924315 | 1926000 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2123240 | 2128547 | 2132220 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2188068 | 2193084 | 2199574 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2581533 | 2583213 | 2592198 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2662474 | 2673588 | 2696915 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2914625 | 2916984 | 2921774 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2955057 | 2958653 | 2984602 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3256229 | 3287300 | 3292339 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3366912 | 3400917 | 3409019 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17667018 | 17680835 | 17693643 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 45298 | 45581 | 46102 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 52287 | 52529 | 53228 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 75753 | 76222 | 77439 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 101413 | 102384 | 104696 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 110242 | 111159 | 113283 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 141751 | 142324 | 145792 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 169358 | 171321 | 175909 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 172917 | 175055 | 186320 | T: lotus128 |
| 218812 | 220563 | 226999 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 242472 | 243964 | 247795 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 260052 | 260324 | 260802 | T: lotus192 |
| 305087 | 306905 | 310913 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 362273 | 387402 | 397445 | T: lotus256 |
| 436201 | 439757 | 443502 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 752643 | 763598 | 791967 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 808896 | 848215 | 856407 | T: C:mceliece |
| 915393 | 926478 | 936929 | T: ronald1024 |
| 954208 | 961087 | 968552 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1288340 | 1297787 | 1306419 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1292994 | 1301184 | 1312200 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1551311 | 1561245 | 1569952 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1591399 | 1601652 | 1614297 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1775197 | 1776706 | 1781669 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1853101 | 1860864 | 1869778 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1896305 | 1908988 | 1919530 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1928183 | 1937097 | 1944601 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 2087856 | 2093695 | 2094816 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2091032 | 2097947 | 2201727 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2172070 | 2192619 | 2194772 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2198552 | 2207012 | 2215296 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2202737 | 2212976 | 2224697 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2237845 | 2241906 | 2278023 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2348252 | 2357868 | 2366795 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2360379 | 2381961 | 2432108 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2595575 | 2598139 | 2616744 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3011363 | 3014755 | 3024868 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3166438 | 3194815 | 3236974 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3165950 | 3232660 | 3249519 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3215915 | 3232725 | 3259059 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3463105 | 3480812 | 3501696 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3794150 | 3808907 | 3829242 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5933538 | 5951322 | 5962145 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 6592921 | 6617796 | 6638615 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 6612565 | 6640647 | 6762141 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7761497 | 7775468 | 7799359 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8677204 | 8696782 | 8727488 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9398601 | 9469327 | 9507043 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 9480526 | 9489522 | 9501408 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 10440701 | 10490636 | 10571302 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 13066264 | 13085263 | 13103088 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 14152120 | 14204224 | 14312498 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 16343436 | 16375826 | 16417516 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 17668583 | 17708905 | 17747498 | T: ronald4096 |
| 18700939 | 18816049 | 18932042 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 19396718 | 19422328 | 19449617 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 19905653 | 19978213 | 20059345 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 106976832 | 107018549 | 107109147 | T: pqrsa15 |
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