Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Comet Lake (806ec); 2019 Intel Core i3-10110U; 2 x 2100MHz; cubi10, supercop-20251222
[Page version: 20260221 06:44:50]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 54039 | 54477 | 55120 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 69918 | 70492 | 71470 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 98116 | 98979 | 100122 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 98636 | 99337 | 100073 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 126200 | 127400 | 128401 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 165839 | 166712 | 168329 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 448011 | 450656 | 454581 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 496894 | 498271 | 499902 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 498974 | 501888 | 504858 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 859152 | 863363 | 870890 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1150506 | 1155629 | 1160195 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1239254 | 1243673 | 1250110 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 1459740 | 1465272 | 1470540 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2534870 | 2539871 | 2546063 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3246896 | 3249797 | 3259654 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3384041 | 3386316 | 3395371 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4099176? | 4118203? | 5521601? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3872586? | 4861874? | 5857822? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5733378 | 5758744 | 6346582 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5747385? | 5767148? | 8244973? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7169920 | 7191158 | 7206216 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 8150966 | 8401932 | 8681476 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9101103 | 9128598 | 9158306 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9322668 | 9355093 | 9396707 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 9144057 | 9574000 | 9831708 | T: lotus128 |
| 11184225 | 11242521 | 11404779 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11534636 | 11632313 | 12826318 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 12485623 | 12592149 | 12630279 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 14188660 | 14255923 | 15419117 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18419395 | 18467910 | 18651640 | T: lotus192 |
| 18636881 | 18836090 | 20177600 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 18822266 | 18903526 | 21822963 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 23174533 | 23269957 | 23337193 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 30389382 | 30432226 | 30509542 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 31226892 | 31312361 | 34995651 | T: lotus256 |
| 30737002 | 31457853 | 33083018 | T: C:mceliece |
| 30416296 | 32491594 | 34553447 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 34756803 | 35406439 | 35444234 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 40002982 | 40263470 | 40703469 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 33667713? | 48889963? | 71741596? | T: ronald1024 |
| 52005473 | 52075130 | 52165251 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 57725593 | 58078318 | 58528605 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 66246568 | 66367874 | 66559808 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 74583256 | 74884415 | 75304981 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 83612563 | 83806766 | 83934515 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 54347059? | 86195906? | 142404514? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 46687534? | 88316108? | 170897872? | T: rsa2048 |
| 89079319 | 89207834 | 89432095 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 101199040 | 101510017 | 102201827 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 102855235 | 103088822 | 103436458 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 115423548 | 115634132 | 115871120 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 169100920 | 169487899 | 170227229 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 175426801? | 257077554? | 386336522? | T: ronald1536 |
| 346656145? | 508440831? | 687652811? | T: ronald2048 |
| 1005150755? | 1576045141? | 2360211713? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3154994099 | 3258170977 | 3313608255 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 2385043987? | 3829611807? | 5917655142? | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 21215 | 21930 | 22611 | T: rsa2048 |
| 22158 | 22996 | 24614 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 36360 | 36706 | 39264 | T: ronald1024 |
| 40813 | 41020 | 41416 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 44671 | 44841 | 45062 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 44666 | 45183 | 45682 | T: C:mceliece |
| 45829 | 48310 | 48738 | T: ronald1536 |
| 60669 | 63191 | 64129 | T: ronald2048 |
| 66191 | 66615 | 66931 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 83334 | 83701 | 84122 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 97883 | 99941 | 102899 | T: ronald3072 |
| 102430 | 103012 | 103913 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 103161 | 103508 | 104283 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 130734 | 131283 | 145296 | T: lotus128 |
| 135047 | 135789 | 136618 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 139935 | 142282 | 147173 | T: ronald4096 |
| 176989 | 178002 | 179240 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 185781 | 186410 | 187459 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 208986 | 209487 | 210299 | T: lotus192 |
| 233821 | 235346 | 236212 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 269028 | 269674 | 321181 | T: lotus256 |
| 285760 | 287869 | 289239 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 289937 | 290865 | 291763 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 390998 | 391551 | 393590 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 478051 | 479317 | 480888 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 561687 | 563784 | 565886 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 578028 | 579112 | 580529 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 582968 | 583614 | 584109 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 639516 | 642206 | 644458 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 675883 | 677819 | 679219 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 712908 | 714096 | 716366 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 729697 | 730646 | 731371 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 737188 | 739260 | 740573 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 753382 | 754038 | 755674 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 785848 | 786214 | 786562 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 822162 | 824468 | 830111 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 918807 | 921596 | 924274 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1007987 | 1008811 | 1010558 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1105084 | 1106674 | 1107738 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1144774 | 1145175 | 1145936 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1238046 | 1239958 | 1241633 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1361752 | 1363788 | 1366629 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1397049 | 1398342 | 1399348 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1453801 | 1456251 | 1456939 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1558881 | 1562067 | 1565593 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1639557 | 1645248 | 1651892 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1762846 | 1763796 | 1767959 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 1968235 | 1975089 | 1985549 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2096926 | 2097859 | 2104333 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2123789 | 2153560 | 2164179 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2381535 | 2387620 | 2393573 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2651268 | 2653118 | 2655173 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2811060 | 2822024 | 2902469 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2950003 | 2974143 | 2975553 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3088975 | 3102906 | 3140119 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 3195961 | 3201014 | 3207181 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 17547225 | 17575782 | 17720368 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 45356 | 45562 | 46083 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 48619 | 48783 | 49052 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 74642 | 74941 | 75501 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 98219 | 98720 | 99432 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 108378 | 109536 | 111774 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 138564 | 139461 | 142370 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 155092 | 155589 | 168111 | T: lotus128 |
| 173974 | 175706 | 178894 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 221284 | 222615 | 229361 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 246834 | 247370 | 250499 | T: lotus192 |
| 247843 | 248897 | 252018 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 320738 | 322490 | 324808 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 341483 | 342318 | 367986 | T: lotus256 |
| 394552 | 398055 | 402415 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 846731 | 849023 | 851972 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 852529 | 860093 | 867507 | T: ronald1024 |
| 849826 | 860233 | 891971 | T: C:mceliece |
| 903290 | 906653 | 910530 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1194002 | 1199732 | 1204648 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1212926 | 1218466 | 1228564 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1444086 | 1446572 | 1451380 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1488441 | 1495830 | 1504685 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1711924 | 1716173 | 1721259 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1711449 | 1717604 | 1724642 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1787214 | 1795710 | 1802514 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2028648 | 2036306 | 2043523 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2053632 | 2056519 | 2063062 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 2089220 | 2094752 | 2095999 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2095045 | 2096005 | 2099952 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2101302 | 2107733 | 2113700 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2186858 | 2226659 | 2233500 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2259941 | 2268675 | 2276029 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2277511 | 2299172 | 2343719 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2446636 | 2474307 | 2478609 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2531820 | 2533345 | 2537790 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2703064 | 2745585 | 2764876 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 2959904 | 2971784 | 2989831 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3042662 | 3068385 | 3093915 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3119151 | 3261094 | 3269614 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3414475 | 3429519 | 3445833 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3624594 | 3699578 | 3751487 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5915894 | 5930512 | 5962552 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 6332264 | 6345246 | 6353964 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 6694226 | 6732214 | 7432964 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7697982 | 7742794 | 7769299 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8722147 | 8742795 | 8766027 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9078930 | 9102779 | 9117107 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 10245895 | 10261392 | 10417779 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 11707860 | 11735947 | 11760461 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 12612350 | 12621811 | 12631520 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 13707410 | 13721331 | 13733501 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 16262180 | 16275791 | 16296347 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 17838093 | 17894126 | 18540824 | T: ronald4096 |
| 18411719 | 18543200 | 18606495 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 18815967 | 18844902 | 18884524 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 19800745 | 20047348 | 20552063 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 107528746 | 107706413 | 107833503 | T: pqrsa15 |
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