Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Skylake (506e3); 2015 Intel Core i5-6500T; 4 x 2500MHz; thinksky, supercop-20260330
[Page version: 20260409 07:43:57]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 56814 | 57460 | 58132 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 70712 | 71263 | 71950 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 96222 | 96953 | 97864 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 104373 | 105175 | 106230 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 119450 | 120370 | 121270 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 178110 | 179146 | 181091 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 454466 | 456477 | 458586 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 528157 | 531219 | 534915 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 610420 | 613351 | 616166 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 1025107 | 1027896 | 1032965 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1036975 | 1042247 | 1047568 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1305325 | 1309939 | 1313611 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1534025 | 1540086 | 1548584 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 2448008 | 2460827 | 2511621 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3309368 | 3335321 | 3412326 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 3458512 | 3464614 | 3567528 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 4170984? | 4244749? | 5937784? | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 3836227? | 4343037? | 5830055? | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 5825258 | 5872877 | 6332680 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 5791492? | 6924991? | 8969767? | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7199896 | 7228398 | 7270967 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 7887534 | 7913533 | 8198008 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 9316658 | 9360679 | 9444149 | T: lotus128 |
| 9365514 | 9381418 | 10040222 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 9489348 | 9519024 | 10881502 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 10945025 | 10978569 | 11067456 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 11296019 | 11641762 | 12801470 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 12775095 | 12815521 | 12915831 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 14355912 | 14376911 | 17733904 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 17795414 | 17864009 | 18035880 | T: lotus192 |
| 19307688 | 19337085 | 21732311 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 19710395 | 20294451 | 22436139 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 20709440 | 20796759 | 20874800 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 27346363 | 27630202 | 27947918 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 29962408 | 30930875 | 32355320 | T: C:mceliece |
| 30693736 | 30948763 | 31018295 | T: lotus256 |
| 31903564 | 32028292 | 32106132 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 32159114 | 33958364 | 35906054 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 37336430 | 38106988 | 38654939 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 34387133? | 48766720? | 66499808? | T: ronald1024 |
| 48246161 | 49251873 | 49667408 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 53616045 | 54558562 | 55342450 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 61866226 | 62008729 | 62187374 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 70240643 | 70721570 | 71511111 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 77637180 | 77773444 | 77919569 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 83215370 | 83535200 | 85028757 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 61511551? | 95341279? | 140963169? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 95232899 | 95721765 | 96426170 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 52796645? | 95892770? | 163561958? | T: rsa2048 |
| 97248061 | 97777223 | 98469708 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 107457487 | 107682775 | 107934037 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 158945740 | 159580271 | 160631345 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 163798570? | 224361197? | 346333758? | T: ronald1536 |
| 296456658? | 433950556? | 678639829? | T: ronald2048 |
| 952772872? | 1492948457? | 2157348835? | T: ronald3072 |
| 3104647060 | 3180330876 | 3277861178 | T: pqrsa15 |
| -1968435852 | 3186859303 | 5069961005 | T: ronald4096 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 20970 | 21587 | 22696 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 21082 | 21797 | 22669 | T: rsa2048 |
| 39253 | 39461 | 41427 | T: ronald1024 |
| 41688 | 41932 | 42207 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 47257 | 47602 | 47850 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 49145 | 51097 | 54363 | T: ronald1536 |
| 51534 | 52062 | 52623 | T: C:mceliece |
| 62155 | 65755 | 67527 | T: ronald2048 |
| 68292 | 68637 | 69030 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 87668 | 88025 | 88492 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 98818 | 101527 | 105884 | T: ronald3072 |
| 106073 | 106693 | 107454 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 106334 | 106781 | 107301 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 141850 | 142517 | 143442 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 147279 | 147953 | 149193 | T: lotus128 |
| 145988 | 149829 | 155712 | T: ronald4096 |
| 187746 | 188448 | 189522 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 192783 | 194228 | 197678 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 213125 | 214329 | 215081 | T: lotus192 |
| 238616 | 239581 | 240731 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 293039 | 297770 | 299398 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 300482 | 302688 | 303871 | T: lotus256 |
| 306821 | 308056 | 309778 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 391478 | 394616 | 411126 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 490980 | 492333 | 493636 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 579682 | 580789 | 581865 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 597109 | 598678 | 602584 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 602538 | 606328 | 610987 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 618841 | 619312 | 620319 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 665477 | 667007 | 670584 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 692199 | 693736 | 697035 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 733464 | 734644 | 735419 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 748374 | 749518 | 751490 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 751661 | 756716 | 760594 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 821094 | 821770 | 822664 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 895955 | 896674 | 897543 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 932072 | 932922 | 934533 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1047902 | 1048911 | 1051034 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 1096839 | 1100261 | 1104045 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 1117997 | 1123356 | 1128198 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1216703 | 1221574 | 1223967 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 1367191 | 1372862 | 1379297 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 1407596 | 1412243 | 1416541 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1427789 | 1432079 | 1436703 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 1434715 | 1436581 | 1440305 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 1617236 | 1620721 | 1624745 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 1796357 | 1799508 | 1805379 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 1905219 | 1906751 | 1911831 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 2257162 | 2262556 | 2267332 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 2359727 | 2360774 | 2365205 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 2456090 | 2459972 | 2464676 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 2639211 | 2644915 | 2663782 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 2627473 | 2661213 | 2712702 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 2927193 | 2931524 | 2937132 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 3262135 | 3269570 | 3289597 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 3363402 | 3367268 | 3373837 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 18145901 | 18165577 | 18336330 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 45166 | 45379 | 45816 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 50840 | 51054 | 51336 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 74896 | 75179 | 75793 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 101199 | 101502 | 102465 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 106931 | 107626 | 110482 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 136010 | 137952 | 139384 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 165452 | 166458 | 170834 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 171402 | 171814 | 172287 | T: lotus128 |
| 228154 | 230674 | 238646 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 237127 | 241749 | 247290 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 251091 | 252528 | 252882 | T: lotus192 |
| 301344 | 302664 | 307692 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 364499 | 365194 | 365884 | T: lotus256 |
| 427383 | 430139 | 433373 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 742971 | 745201 | 749081 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 790679 | 843978 | 850442 | T: C:mceliece |
| 909964 | 920200 | 933240 | T: ronald1024 |
| 939703 | 944900 | 954056 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1239878 | 1248883 | 1256142 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1267864 | 1274776 | 1289341 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1524707 | 1535870 | 1550032 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1557343 | 1568258 | 1581583 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1801901 | 1816278 | 1825378 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 1814121 | 1825461 | 1833937 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 1842505 | 1848889 | 1857881 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 1858203 | 1866230 | 1875158 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2085633 | 2090602 | 2094214 | T: rsa2048 |
| 2093481 | 2137021 | 2185372 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 2140094 | 2145844 | 2152585 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 2158302 | 2168782 | 2179043 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2210498 | 2231656 | 2248625 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2253068 | 2260297 | 2278331 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 2314051 | 2325731 | 2367568 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2359510 | 2385331 | 2476720 | T: ronald1536 |
| 2598518 | 2610848 | 2621183 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 2788672 | 2818817 | 2835529 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 3097428 | 3104334 | 3112842 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 3112721 | 3146994 | 3177986 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 3144780 | 3158870 | 3180092 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 3468359 | 3486145 | 3501895 | T: ronald2048 |
| 3731654 | 3748131 | 3761057 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 5843822 | 5890835 | 5928331 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 6511473 | 6522568 | 6532679 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 6646732 | 6662232 | 6711293 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 7667232 | 7691699 | 7801034 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 8672585 | 8709904 | 8915482 | T: ronald3072 |
| 9335326 | 9356681 | 9567248 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 9420807 | 9437073 | 9454832 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 10540597 | 10560562 | 10581758 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 13075651 | 13117850 | 13247858 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 14114869 | 14138205 | 14175824 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 16376624 | 16402165 | 16426686 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 17808693 | 18391156 | 18526807 | T: ronald4096 |
| 18679161 | 18754211 | 18876406 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 19434490 | 19625611 | 19768009 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 20159563 | 20228942 | 20359907 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 106535512 | 106622042 | 106732277 | T: pqrsa15 |
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