Measurements of public-key cryptosystems on one machine: amd64; Ivy Bridge+AES (306a9); 2012 Intel Core i5-3427U; 2 x 1800MHz; hunsnivy, supercop-20260217
[Page version: 20260324 04:05:13]
eBATS
(ECRYPT Benchmarking
of Asymmetric Systems)
is a project
to measure the performance of public-key systems.
This page presents benchmark results collected in eBATS
for public-key encryption:
- Time (cycles) to generate a key pair:
a secret key and a corresponding public key.
- Time to encrypt a short message (59 bytes).
- Time to decrypt a short message,
i.e., to recover a short message from a (larger) ciphertext.
- Space (bytes) for a secret key.
- Space for a public key.
- Ciphertext length for a 0-byte message.
- Ciphertext overhead for a 23-byte message:
the ciphertext length minus 23 bytes.
- Ciphertext overhead for a long message:
the ciphertext length minus the message length.
Each table row lists
the first quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ1 starting with supercop-20260214),
the median of many speed measurements (or StQ2 starting with supercop-20260214),
the third quartile of many speed measurements (or StQ3 starting with supercop-20260214), and
the name of the primitive.
Measurements with large interquartile range (or stabilized interquartile range) are indicated in red with question marks.
The symbol
C:
means that the current SUPERCOP database does not list IND-CCA2 security
as a goal for this public-key cryptosystem.
The symbol
T:
(starting with supercop-20200816)
means that the SUPERCOP database
at the time of benchmarking did not list constant time
as a goal for this implementation.
The symbol
T!!!
means that constant time was listed as a goal for this implementation,
but that the implementation failed TIMECOP.
(TIMECOP failures are not necessarily security issues;
they can sometimes be resolved by, e.g., declaring that a rejection-sampling condition is safe to declassify.)
There is a
separate page
with more information about each public-key cryptosystem and each implementation.
Designers and implementors
interested in submitting new public-key cryptosystems
and new implementations of existing cryptosystems
should read the call for submissions.
Test results
Graphs:
(pkcycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,pkbytes)
(ccycles,cbytes)
(mcycles,cbytes)
(pkbytes,cbytes)
| Cycles to generate a key pair |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 71074 | 71852 | 73050 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 95363 | 96822 | 98365 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 137354 | 139198 | 140646 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 137289 | 140232 | 144179 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 178421 | 180613 | 181848 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 233874 | 236746 | 245644 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 564126 | 568399 | 578414 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 578525 | 581819 | 586188 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 879526 | 885453 | 889633 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 1291303 | 1297543 | 1307814 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 10089192 | 10096256 | 10117731 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 14957372 | 14994649 | 15702972 | T: lotus128 |
| 19435928 | 19442627 | 19460357 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 28574480 | 28640970 | 28750322 | T: lotus192 |
| 32190051 | 32372294 | 32497818 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 32871160 | 33862275 | 35559542 | T: C:mceliece |
| 36899239 | 36910884 | 36943915 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 38661426 | 38984961 | 39282673 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 51270198 | 51670228 | 52087014 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 51095728 | 52495862 | 53711187 | T: lotus256 |
| 63388799 | 63467575 | 63526749 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 65399071 | 66066635 | 66450679 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 73264996 | 73899166 | 74858942 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 76833315 | 77663309 | 77760531 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 53143691? | 79010007? | 110107624? | T: ronald1024 |
| 90453962 | 90589840 | 92285947 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 92644595 | 92772709 | 92885372 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 99876454 | 100180686 | 100833883 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 112207321 | 113168694 | 114104730 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 116602452 | 116761269 | 116912506 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 124683732 | 124930945 | 125157158 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 135224220 | 135810211 | 136630412 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 88341249? | 137696806? | 213268734? | T: rsa2048 |
| 143629460 | 144036001 | 144821968 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 84622785? | 158496626? | 252879387? | T: cargocult2048 |
| 161332850 | 161422013 | 161531138 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 161469645 | 161628493 | 161972872 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 161766148 | 163119107 | 166145713 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 213970360 | 214082102 | 214576988 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 225891095 | 226008278 | 227245404 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 230127221 | 230749538 | 231748961 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 239694396 | 239798470 | 239914304 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 282602975 | 282701616 | 282856683 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 309054368 | 309173581 | 309308358 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 310798175 | 311324532 | 312065109 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 326550778 | 326713906 | 327209368 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 255722844? | 363297920? | 528356823? | T: ronald1536 |
| 494517031 | 494767020 | 495060627 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 542868560 | 543370291 | 547496994 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 667472217 | 667916676 | 669458250 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 472989875? | 737557262? | 1035369083? | T: ronald2048 |
| 738752774 | 739452695 | 742846088 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 771403717 | 772458521 | 774426736 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 1477135344 | 1478116057 | 1480422916 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 1337787888? | 2089332579? | 3089662734? | T: ronald3072 |
| -7865929567 | 4217273573 | 7095124069 | T: ronald4096 |
| -2917422621 | 4769122937 | 4940726386 | T: pqrsa15 |
|
| Cycles to encrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 33891 | 34668 | 36027 | T: rsa2048 |
| 34646 | 35795 | 38920 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 48837 | 49506 | 51010 | T: ronald1024 |
| 49907 | 50252 | 50651 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 51497 | 51966 | 52678 | T: C:mceliece |
| 53780 | 54031 | 54293 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 62926 | 63709 | 68547 | T: ronald1536 |
| 78702 | 79067 | 79634 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 83475 | 87336 | 91209 | T: ronald2048 |
| 99160 | 99528 | 100104 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 133090 | 134376 | 137315 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 139644 | 144155 | 150073 | T: ronald3072 |
| 147086 | 147659 | 148324 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 184865 | 186710 | 195253 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 214259 | 218353 | 224336 | T: ronald4096 |
| 241098 | 242489 | 243912 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 266354 | 269587 | 278927 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 325872 | 326325 | 327506 | T: lotus128 |
| 336723 | 340666 | 342868 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 390258 | 395446 | 400061 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 393837 | 395480 | 397309 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 486281 | 487759 | 491054 | T: lotus192 |
| 520463 | 521995 | 527385 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 640300 | 647607 | 657298 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 676743 | 680210 | 688170 | T: lotus256 |
| 766143 | 776717 | 780068 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 778892 | 780600 | 791568 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 798565 | 805098 | 812300 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 920475 | 922970 | 925886 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 987514 | 995681 | 1024920 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 1219909 | 1231253 | 1233896 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 1462390 | 1466244 | 1477630 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 1675225 | 1688607 | 1698487 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 2149173 | 2159792 | 2164736 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 4987284 | 5019054 | 5048864 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 8944929 | 8961408 | 9021114 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 9073360 | 9087439 | 9109610 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 9147113 | 9215888 | 9370962 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 10880086 | 10892929 | 10907362 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 11263147 | 11278602 | 11300369 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 11299524 | 11307580 | 11318678 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 13805459 | 13817181 | 13830884 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 17058704 | 17072976 | 17106177 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 17726076 | 17894826 | 18019822 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 22480366 | 22509479 | 22545319 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 24281477 | 24328945 | 24360832 | T: pqrsa15 |
| 24418036 | 24432069 | 24447804 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 31771669 | 31812706 | 31853258 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 31815343 | 31832744 | 31858323 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 33532526 | 33745740 | 33931090 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 37443488 | 37472626 | 37499903 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 40705965 | 40748435 | 40811688 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 44703009 | 44723647 | 44760392 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 47822365 | 47883116 | 47922540 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 69378472 | 69416366 | 69475355 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 71434907 | 71487604 | 71529068 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 73536526 | 73568893 | 73619273 | T: ledapkc54sl |
|
| Cycles to decrypt 59 bytes |
| 25% | 50% | 75% | system |
| 58086 | 58387 | 59594 | T: C:ntruees439ep1 |
| 58851 | 59139 | 59303 | T: C:ntruees401ep2 |
| 91366 | 91877 | 92876 | T: C:ntruees593ep1 |
| 114608 | 115678 | 119670 | T: C:ntruees743ep1 |
| 155793 | 161608 | 166908 | T: r5nd1pke5d |
| 219367 | 221335 | 224150 | T: C:ntruees787ep1 |
| 254310 | 259639 | 264292 | T: r5nd1pke0d |
| 324264 | 328269 | 333865 | T: r5nd3pke5d |
| 373744 | 377832 | 388385 | T: r5nd3pke0d |
| 389242 | 390446 | 391124 | T: lotus128 |
| 472146 | 477619 | 479535 | T: r5nd5pke0d |
| 562292 | 566780 | 574496 | T: r5nd5pke5d |
| 609788 | 611674 | 615988 | T: lotus192 |
| 890411 | 894470 | 905722 | T: lotus256 |
| 964160 | 1029867 | 1067569 | T: C:mceliece |
| 1088234 | 1096526 | 1110553 | T: mcnie4q1281 |
| 1176455 | 1188862 | 1202704 | T: ronald1024 |
| 1454838 | 1466476 | 1479762 | T: mcnie3q1281 |
| 1485336 | 1498914 | 1514449 | T: mcnie4q1282 |
| 1828821 | 1842136 | 1857824 | T: mcnie4q1921 |
| 1833135 | 1843756 | 1855094 | T: mcnie3q1282 |
| 2146947 | 2160501 | 2178223 | T: mcnie4q1922 |
| 2200340 | 2210451 | 2224959 | T: mcnie4q2561 |
| 2225260 | 2241365 | 2254445 | T: mcnie3q1921 |
| 2613616 | 2631352 | 2646241 | T: mcnie4q2562 |
| 2673999 | 2686141 | 2700474 | T: mcnie3q1922 |
| 2915621 | 2929848 | 2942460 | T: mcnie3q2561 |
| 3217506 | 3227643 | 3236258 | T: cargocult2048 |
| 3225999 | 3232951 | 3239638 | T: rsa2048 |
| 3238264 | 3255415 | 3275837 | T: ronald1536 |
| 3798245 | 3811023 | 3824230 | T: mcnie3q2562 |
| 5263427 | 5284578 | 5310318 | T: ronald2048 |
| 6997211 | 7003580 | 7009987 | T: ledapkc1264 |
| 7616544 | 7631219 | 7696744 | T: ledapkc1364 |
| 8085796 | 8095322 | 8103878 | T: ledapkc12sl |
| 9234745 | 9250438 | 9264917 | T: ledapkc1464 |
| 9433080 | 9511624 | 9661663 | T: r5n11pke0d |
| 10324986 | 10334211 | 10344225 | T: ledapkc13sl |
| 10750950 | 10760028 | 10774269 | T: ledapkc14sl |
| 14265054 | 14296789 | 14329330 | T: ronald3072 |
| 15957710 | 15991598 | 16025345 | T: r5n13pke0smallct |
| 18619825 | 18772355 | 18953054 | T: r5n13pke0d |
| 18912503 | 18944157 | 18990032 | T: ledapkc3264 |
| 20352443 | 20389310 | 20432757 | T: ledapkc3364 |
| 23368438 | 23384820 | 23395135 | T: ledapkc32sl |
| 23587037 | 23620082 | 23790594 | T: ledapkc3464 |
| 29240955 | 29283321 | 29535582 | T: ledapkc33sl |
| 30374876 | 30427448 | 30482837 | T: ronald4096 |
| 30770435 | 30857867 | 31006587 | T: ledapkc34sl |
| 34644212 | 34846606 | 35012059 | T: r5n15pke0d |
| 35704809 | 35742553 | 35789804 | T: ledapkc5264 |
| 43971984 | 44010300 | 44090363 | T: ledapkc5364 |
| 51560264 | 51661131 | 51688645 | T: ledapkc52sl |
| 53912046 | 53981676 | 54026351 | T: ledapkc5464 |
| 56781529 | 56844221 | 56872883 | T: ledapkc53sl |
| 68968156 | 69012707 | 69077847 | T: ledapkc54sl |
| 169188497 | 169274468 | 169437008 | T: pqrsa15 |
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